Fatty Liver Index and Serum Copeptin as Early Predictors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Non-diabetic Pregnant Women

Methods: The study included 385 pregnant women at the 6 GW for clinical evaluation, determination of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference and gave blood samples for estimation of serum triglyceride (TG), γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) insulin and CP and underwent the 75-oral glucose tolerance test (75OGTT). Fatty liver index and homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) were calculated. At the 24 GW, 75-OGTT and serum insulin were re-evaluated and women developed GDM were collected as GDM group and women who were free of GDM till the 24 GW as control group. Results: At 24 GW, all studied women had higher blood glucose, serum insulin, TG and GGT with increased HOMA-IR and FLI scores in comparison to 6 GW measures. The increase was non-significant in 338 women (controls) and was significant in 47 women (GDM group) who showed significantly higher measures compared to controls for a frequency of GDM of 12.2%. At 6 GW serum CP levels were significantly higher in GDM than in control women. Statistical analyses defined high FLI and serum CP at the 6 GW as significant predictors for subsequent development of GDM.