Influence

which analyzes whole genome sequence data for 20 inbred strains. This method has been used to analyze the genetic basis for 16 different biomedical traits. Clinical trials are currently underway that test the efficacy of 2 therapies that were generated by these genetic discoveries: a pilot study at Stanford to alleviate incisional pain after surgery and a multi-center NIH funded trial for preventing narcotic drug withdrawal in infants born to narcotic consuming mothers was begun in 2012. Metabolomic analysis: We are developing novel methods for analyzing changes in cellular metabolites caused by drug treatment or in disease. The metabolomic results are integrated with the genetic data to identify new disease mechanisms and to develop new diagnostics. Mice with human LIvers: This is a novel experimental in vivo platform that replaces mouse liver with functioning human liver tissue. The reconstituted liver was shown to be a mature and functioning “human organ.” It had zonal position-specific enzyme expression and bile duct function representative of mature human liver, and could generate a human-specific profile of drug metabolism. These features make this chimeric mouse the preferred experimental platform for in vivo analysis of drug metabolism or liver regeneration. The mice are maintained in a specialized barrier facility that was designed for housing these mice.The humanized mice are being used to: develop a novel platform for predicting human drug metabolism and human drug responses; for understanding stem cell development; and to develop a new method for liver transplantation that uses autologous cells without immunosuppression.