二十一世纪莫斯科国家管理机构研究

N. Rybalko
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引用次数: 0

摘要

从18世纪末开始,以中央部门的人物- -办事员以及地方一级行政办公室的雇员- -为对象,研究人民警察机关的运作。迄今为止,已经积累了相当多的关于警察机构本身的活动及其个人构成的资料。但仍然有大量的问题没有答案。20世纪末至21世纪初,历史研究的主题和方法发生了质的转变。在这方面,对过去20年出现的趋势进行评估,将文员作为莫斯科州最重要的社会类别进行研究,似乎是相关的。类型学方法有助于识别历史思想总体流中每个研究的个体特征和独创性,而历史系统方法则涉及识别模式和在特定主题内研究作品的综合方法。本文基于2000年至2021年对16 - 17世纪莫斯科州行政办公室历史进行的最重要的研究。作为研究的结果,可以得出结论,对莫斯科国家及其领导人的prikaz系统的兴趣只会越来越大。现在有机会研究神职人员家庭的家谱,恢复社会起源和家庭关系,重建个人和集体传记,使用心理学、文化研究和信息学领域的跨学科方法。档案文献的数字化和开放式人面图数据库的创建将大大加快对不同数据的处理和系统化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
STUDY OF THE MANAGEMENT APPARATUS OF THE MOSCOW STATE IN THE XXI CENTURY
The study of the functioning of the prikaz apparatus in the person of the figures of the central departments – clerks, as well as employees of the administration offices at the local level – began at the end of the 18th century. To date, a fairly large layer of information has been accumulated both on the activities of the prikaz institutions themselves, and on their personal composition. But still a huge number of questions have no answers. At the end of 20th – beginning of the 21st century there has been a qualitative turn in the subject of historical research and in methods. In this regard, an assessment of the trends that have emerged in the past 20 years in the study of clerks as the most important social category of the Moscow state seems relevant. The typological method was used, which helps to recognize the individual characteristics and originality of each study in the general stream of historical thought, and the historical-systemic method, which involves identifying patterns and an integrated approach to the study of works within a specific topic. The article is based on the most significant studies on the history of the administrative office of the Moscow State in the 16th – 17th centuries, carried out from 2000 to 2021. As a result of the study, it can be concluded that the interest in the prikaz system of the Moscow state and its leaders is only growing. Now there is an opportunity to study the genealogy of clerical families, restore social origin and family ties, reconstruct personal and collective biographies, use interdisciplinary approaches from the field of psychology, cultural studies, and informatics. The digitalization of archival documents and the creation of open-type prosopographic databases will significantly speed up the processing and systematization of disparate data.
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