穆斯林家庭法的女性叙事与地方实践:印尼伊斯兰教的中庸性探析

Atun Wardatun
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摘要

本文寻求促进印尼伊斯兰教温和化的两个重要资源,这两个资源在现有文献中仍未得到充分开发。也就是说,将女性叙事作为分析印尼伊斯兰教研究的基础,并研究伊斯兰教在整个群岛穆斯林日常生活中的实践。本文结合笔者对伊斯兰家庭法的民族志研究经验,旨在进一步探讨妇女的融入如何产生对伊斯兰家庭法的特定理解和应用模式。事实上,家庭法是穆斯林日常关系中最亲密的法律实践,因此涉及男人和女人。此外,伊斯兰教法不仅涉及教义和普遍资源,还涉及解释和地方实践。本文认为,妇女的声音和经验在伊斯兰教法认识论中的存在是确保伊斯兰家庭法能够为妇女利益提供更多正义和平等的主要因素之一,而妇女的声音和经验往往被排除在外。印度尼西亚东部穆斯林家庭法的实践,在那里妇女的权威和权力不断得到谈判,可以被认为是印度尼西亚伊斯兰教温和的最初特征之一。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Women’s Narrative and Local Practices of Muslim Family Law: Exploring Moderateness of Indonesian Islam
This article seeks for two essential resources of promoting the moderateness of Indonesian Islam, which are still underdeveloped in the existing literatures. Namely, mainstreaming women’s narrative as a basis of analysis of research about Indonesian Islam and examining the practices of Islam in everyday life of Muslims across the archipelago. Based on writer’s experiences in conducting ethnographic research regarding Islamic family law, this article aims at discussing further how women’s inclusion generates particular model of understanding and application of Islamic family law. As a matter of fact, family law is the most intimate legal practices in everyday relations for Muslim and thus, involve both men and women. Moreover, Islamic law is not merely about doctrines and universal resources, but also about interpretation and local practices. This article argues that the presence of women’s voices and experiences in the epistemology of Islamic law, which is often excluded, is one of primary factors of ensuring how Islamic family law can provide more justice and equality to women’s interests.  The practices of Muslim family law in eastern Indonesian where women’s authority and power are continuously negotiated can be considered as among initial characteristic of the moderateness of Indonesian Islam.
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