Transmit energy calculation in cross-correlation based underwater network cardinality estimation

Transmit energy is a very important performance indicator of network cardinality estimation techniques. It is more significant for underwater networks as battery lifetime of nodes depend on it. To overcome the difficulty of underwater network cardinality estimation (in presence of large propagation latency, high error rate, node mobility, non-negligible capture effect and high path loss) using existing methods based on protocols, a cross-correlation based approach has been introduced. In this approach, the transmitted Gaussian signals from all nodes are received by the sensors and then cross-correlated. Here, sensors are referred to as receiving nodes, whereas nodes are considered as transmitting nodes. It is necessary to determine the total transmit energy required to perform estimation. An expression has been developed in this paper to calculate the energy required for Gaussian signal transmission in corss-correlation based cardinality estimation scheme and verified by simulation.