Using patient narratives to design an intervention to reduce noise in the intensive care unit

INTRODUCTION Including patients and the public in research design is widely referred to as PPI (patient and public involvement). There has been growing acceptance that listening to patients is central to formulating health policy and research projects are encouraged to embrace significant “PPI”, although there is little consensus for exactly how this should be achieved. PPI therefore can take many forms, have varying levels of involvement, and generate mixed opinions of success.