“我”指示语作为说话人个性的表现手段(基于电台采访参与者的讲话)

Olesya Olegovna Lisova
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摘要

本文旨在探讨言语中的个人指示语与说话者可解释的语言人格方面之间的联系。指示语是重要的自我标记之一,在对话情境中表现得最为明显,这决定了我们选择广播采访作为研究材料。在交际行为中,访谈涉及三个参与者:访谈者、访谈对象和访谈听者。尽管面试者是面试的组织者,但他表现为主观评价(显性和隐性)的载体,表现为话语型人格,表现为专业人士。根据这一点,说话者在讲话中使用代词“我”有不同的含义:从“我”作为组织访谈参与者之间交流的正式元素,到“我”作为说话者个性(传记和心理)的标志。在被访者的讲话中,代词“我”的相似含义得到了强调。根据代词“我”的功能,我们提出了个人“我”指示的大致分类:交际行为组织者的“我”指示包括行为性的“我”指示和话语性的“我”指示;说话人的“我”指示包括传记性的“我”指示和心理的“我”指示。事实证明,指示语无论发挥何种功能,都包含着主观评价的成分,即说话者即使在正式的组织者角色中,也总是把自己的观点带进陈述中
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
“I” deixis as a means of manifestation of the speaker personality (based on the speech of the radio interview participants)
The article is devoted to the consideration of the connection in the speech of a personal deixis with the facets of a linguistic personality, which are explicable to the speaker. Deixis is one of the important ego-markers and most clearly manifests itself in a dialogue situation, which determined the choice of radio interview as a research material. The interview involves three participants in the communicative act: the interviewer, the interviewee and the interview listener. The interviewer, despite his role as the organizer of the interview, manifests himself as a carrier of subjective assessment (explicit and implicit), and as a discursive personality, and as a professional. Depending on this, the speaker uses the pronoun “I” in speech in different meanings: from “I” as a formal element that organizes communication between interview participants to “I” as a marker of the speaker’s personality (biographical and mental). Similar meanings of the pronoun "I" are highlighted in the speech of the interviewee. In accordance with the function of the pronoun “I”, we propose the following general classification of the personal “I” deixis: “I” deixis of the organizer of the communicative act, which includes performative and discursive “I” deixis, and “I” deixis of the person of the speaker, consisting of the biographical and mental “I” deixis. It is proved that deictic, regardless of the function performed, contains an element of subjective assessment, that is, the speaker, even in the formal role of the organizer, always brings his point of view to the statement
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