“From Obedience to Freedom”. Anti-liberation Traditions and Oppression School Culture

Summary The article seeks to show how school relationships have changed over the centuries. The main focus is on recent times, when so-called ‘school coercion’ was introduced, accompanied by military reform and the debate on violence and obedience among pupils. Yet oppression remained in schools, despite being opposed by the most prominent educators and thinkers of the period. Church institutions also supported the anti-freedom movements in schools. It is against this background that the slogan of the “new upbringing” movement is presented, which was to give a sense of freedom and respect for other people.