库泽利亚(Z. Kuzelia)和柴可夫斯基(M. Chaikovsky)的《外来词词典》反映了加利西亚和布科维纳乌克兰人的语言世界观中人名的特殊性

Yuliia Kuzmenko
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摘要

本文分析了库泽利亚和柴可夫斯基在1910年版的词典编纂著作《外来词词典》中根据活动类型和职业类型对人进行称谓的词汇语义群(LSG)。这本词典被选为乌克兰第一本综合外国词汇词典之一。词典由正文(12 000字)和附录组成,其中提供了对所采用词语的解释,附录中给出了乌克兰语中使用的外来词和短语。本文对该附录进行了研究。选择这组词汇是因为它反映了所选时期乌克兰人语言世界观的一部分。语言学世界观的研究使得更详细地重建从18世纪末到现代的乌克兰社会结构成为可能,特别是以职业名称为代表。其中一些名字在现代乌克兰语中不再使用。从语音、词汇、形态和句法四个层面确定了该词典的特点。在词汇层面,详细考虑了系统内的联系,即同义词、多义词和语义。我们还考虑了词典的拼写功能。此外,我们还关注了20世纪初词汇使用的某些时刻,以及这部词典作为一个整体的百科全书性质。在库泽利亚和柴可夫斯基的作品中,以及鲍里斯·赫林琴科的作品中,记录了一个外来词的比较表,赫林琴科也是20世纪初一本词典的作者。从库泽利亚、柴可夫斯基和赫林琴科的词典中可以确定这个LSG的借用来源。这个LSG被认为是20世纪初乌克兰语言世界观的一个元素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
“Dictionary of foreign words” by Z. Kuzelia and M. Chaikovsky as a reflection of the specificity of person’s names in the linguistic worldview of Ukrainians from Galicia and Bukovyna
The article analyses the lexical-semantic group (LSG) for the designation of persons according to the type of activity and profession in the lexicographic work Dictionary of Foreign Words by Zenon Kuzelia and Mykola Chaikovsky (1910 edition). This dictionary was chosen as one of the first comprehensive dictionaries of foreign vocabulary in Ukraine. The dictionary consists of the main part (12 thousand words), where the interpretation of adopted words is provided, and the appendix, where borrowed words and phrases used in the Ukrainian language are given. This appendix is examined in the article. This group of vocabulary was choosen because it reflects a fragment of the linguistic worldview of Ukrainians of the selected time period. Research of linguistic worldview makes possible to more elaborately reconstruct the structure of Ukrainian society from the end of the 18th century to modern times, which represented, in particular, by the names of professions. Some of these names are no longer used in the modern Ukrainian language. The peculiarities of this lexicon have been determined on the phonetic, lexical, morphological and syntactic levels. At the lexical level, intrasystem connections, namely synonymy, polysemy, and semantics are considered in detail. We also considered the spelling features of the dictionary. In addition, we paid attention to certain moments of word usage at the beginning of the 20th century and to the encyclopedic nature of the dictionary as a whole. A comparative table of borrowed vocabulary recorded in Kuzelia’s and Tchaikovsky’s work as well as in Borys Hrinchenko’s, who also was the author of a dictionary at the beginning of the 20th century, was created. The sources of borrowing of this LSG have been determined in Kuzelia’s, Tchaikovsky’s and Hrinchenko’s dictionaries. This LSG is considered as an element of the Ukrainian linguistic worldview at the beginning 20th century.
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