乡土植物提取物及其在茶叶生态系统有害生物防治中的作用

B. Deka, S. Sarkar, Debrishi Modak, Somnath Roy, A. Babu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

印度是世界第二大红茶生产国。昆虫、螨虫、线虫和植物病原病害都对茶树造成危害,严重阻碍了茶叶的生产,每年造成10-15%的作物损失。在极端情况下是100%。在印度,许多合成杀虫剂通常用于控制茶叶害虫。过量使用农药可能导致许多问题,包括抗性的发展,对非目标物种(如昆虫捕食者和寄生蜂)的负面影响,生态平衡的破坏以及农药残留在茶叶上的积累。在国际市场上,对有机茶或无农药残留茶的需求不断增加,这影响了出口价格。具有杀虫特性的植物提取物含有次生代谢物,如生物碱、萜类、酚类和次要次生化合物,可作为合成杀虫剂的替代品,这些是环境安全、选择性、可生物降解、具有成本效益和可再生的选择,可用于这种情况下的IPM方案。生物农药是天然植物产品,可以由种植者以最低成本种植并使用当地方法提取。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Indigenous plant extracts and their role in pest management in tea ecosystem
India is the world's second largest producer of black tea. Insects, mites, nematodes, and plant pathogenic diseases all damage the tea plant which severely hampered tea production causing about 10-15% crop loss every year. It would be 100% in extreme circumstances. In India, many synthetic pesticides are commonly employed to control tea pests. The use of an excessive amount pesticides could lead to a number of issues, including the development of resistance, negative impacts on non-target species such as insect predators and parasitoids, disruption of the ecological balance, and the accumulation of pesticide residues on tea leaves. In the international market, there is an increasing demand for organic tea or tea that is pesticide residue free, which influences the export price. Plant extracts having insecticidal qualities contains secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, terpenoids, phenolics, and minor secondary compounds can be used as an alternative to synthetic insecticides and these are environmentally safe, selective, biodegradable, cost-effective, and renewable options for use in IPM programmes in this context. Biopesticides are natural plant products that can be grown at a minimal cost by planters and extracted using indigenous methods.
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