A precise and reliable train positioning system and its use for automation of train operation

For train positioning purposes, modern train control systems usually use a mix of on-board sensors providing relative measurements (like odometer) and infrastructure equipment (such as balises) for absolute positioning. In order to overcome the disadvantages of fixed installations for positioning along the track, a modular on-board positioning system based on GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) is being developed in the German national research project PiLoNav. GNSS receivers provide absolute positioning information, whenever satellite signals are available. The measurement accuracy can be augmented using relative positioning with respect to a reference station, e.g. with RTK (Real-Time Kinematic) algorithms. Additional on-board sensors are integrated into a multi-sensor framework and can be used to increase both accuracy and reliability of the position information. Alternative sensor configurations can be examined within this framework in order to identify a solution for a cost-efficient positioning system which delivers values with high accuracy and reliability. The obtained positioning information will be provided to different applications on-board with the aim to increase the level of automation in different train driving tasks.