Wiyarni Pambudi, Sari Mariyati Dewi Nataprawira, Zita Atzmardina, Sylvia Regina
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引用次数: 5

摘要

2019年冠状动脉病毒大流行(COVID-19)的全球变化可能会干扰常规免疫等关键救生服务,从而增加人口对疫苗预防疾病流行的脆性。随着COVID-19病例的增加和政府实施的社会限制,门诊病人的探访显著减少。这导致儿童免疫接种人数的下降。本研究旨在确定COVID-19大流行前和期间的基础免疫接种进展情况、34个省的常规免疫接种进展情况以及它们与流感流行风险区域的关系。根据纬度设计的观察描述性研究分析的数据是日本日卫生部门(RI health ministry)的一份常规免疫局的报告。根据34个省的免疫接种研究,与大流行之前相比,基础免疫服务的实践下降了- 17.0% (p < 0.0005),而高级免疫服务下降了- 129% (p < 0.0005)。统计结果显示,基本免疫接种的概况(p < 0.05)与某一区域病例的增加有统计意义,但弱相关(- 0.5 < r < - 0.3)。COVID-19大流行期间持续的增减与流感大流行的风险区域严重相反,没有统计意义的关系(p > - 0.3)。在大流行的情况下,卫生工作者面临着维持和加强常规免疫的额外挑战,比如在大流行之前的感染。增加关于疫苗接种重要性的交流努力是有益的,因为COVID-19大流行的影响强调了传染病的威胁,提高了人们对常规免疫实践的认识。传染性疾病2019 (COVID-19)的全球进步可能会使生命的基本拯救服务偏离尤其普遍,从而增加人口在抗疫苗预防疾病方面的可持性。随着COVID-19的增加,政府实施了家庭行政命令,外耐心的签证严重贬值。这种情况可能使儿童免疫的负担减轻。这项研究旨在确定在此之前和在COVID-19大恐慌中进行的基本免疫和后续发展的概况,在34个省中,他们与风暴风险地区的关系出现了。这篇描述的数据分析在对多部分设计的交叉观察研究中,有关于免疫主任工作的报告。简介的免疫覆盖由-17.0% (p 0.05)的基本免疫服务实施,COVID-19的风险增加。在恐慌状态下,卫生提供者将面临前所未有的持续不断的持续挑战。增加的交流努力考虑到疫苗的重要性将是暂时的,因为瘟疫的影响已经点燃了一种传染病的威胁,并增加了routine immuization实践的意识。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
PROFIL CAPAIAN IMUNISASI DASAR ATAU LANJUTAN PADA BADUTA SEBELUM DAN SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19
Perubahan global dari pandemi penyakit coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) dapat mengganggu layanan penyelamatan hidup yang kritis seperti imunisasi rutin, sehingga meningkatkan kerentanan populasi terhadap wabah Penyakit yang Dapat Dicegah Dengan Imunisasi (PD3I). Ketika kasus COVID-19 meningkat dan pemerintah menerapkan pembatasan sosial, kunjungan pasien rawat jalan menurun secara signifikan. Hal ini mengakibatkan penurunan angka imunisasi anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil capaian imunisasi dasar dan imunisasi lanjutan sebelum dan selama pandemi COVID-19, profil capaian imunisasi rutin di 34 provinsi serta hubungannya dengan status zona risiko pandemi. Data yang dianalisis pada studi observasional deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang ini adalah laporan rutin pelayanan imunisasi Sub Direktorat Imunisasi, Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Kajian terhadap capaian imunisasi 34 provinsi menunjukkan terjadi penurunan praktik pelayanan imunisasi dasar sebesar -17,0% (p < 0,0005) dan imunisasi lanjutan -12,9% (p < 0,0005) dibandingkan sebelum masa pandemi. Uji statistik menyatakan profil capaian imunisasi dasar memiliki hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik (p < 0,05) terhadap peningkatan kasus di suatu wilayah, namun berkorelasi lemah berlawanan (-0,5 < r < -0,3). Penurunan cakupan imunisasi lanjutan yang terjadi selama pandemi COVID-19 berkorelasi sangat lemah berlawanan (r > -0,3) dan tidak memiliki hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik (p > 0,05) dengan zona risiko pandemi. Dalam situasi pandemi, petugas kesehatan dihadapkan pada tantangan tambahan untuk mempertahankan dan memperkuat imunisasi rutin seperti kondsi sebelum pandemi. Peningkatan upaya komunikasi mengenai pentingnya vaksinasi akan bermanfaat, karena efek pandemi COVID-19 telah menyoroti ancaman penyakit menular dan meningkatkan kesadaran akan praktik imunisasi rutin.  The global progression of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may disrupt critical life-saving services such as routine immunization, thus increasing the susceptibility of population to outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs). As COVID-19 cases increased and government implemented stay-at-home orders, outpatient visits declined significantly. This condition may decrease the rates of childhood immunization. This study aims to determine the profile of basic immunization and follow-up immunization achievements before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, the profile of routine immunization outcomes in 34 provinces and their relationship to the pandemic risk zone status. The data analyzed in this descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design were routine reports on immunization services at Sub Directorate of Immunization, MoH. Profile on immunization coverages showed a decrease in basic immunization service practices by -17.0% (p <0.0005) and advanced immunization -12.9% (p <0.0005) compared to before the pandemic period. Statistical test showed that the basic immunization achievement profile had a statistically significant relationship (p <0.05) with the increase in cases in a region, but had a weak correlation (-0.5 -0.3) and had no statistically significant relationship (p> 0.05) with an increase in COVID-19 cases. During pandemic situation, health providers are presented with the additional challenge of maintaining and strengthening routine vaccination as previously done before pandemic. Increasing communication efforts regarding the importance of vaccination will be worthwhile, as the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the threat of an infectious disease and has increased awareness of the routine immuization practices.
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