钉螺对巨型片形吸虫(孢子囊、虫体和尾蚴)幼虫的体外驱虫和杀幼虫活性研究

Pradeep Kumar
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摘要

简介:肝吸虫(片形吸虫种)是一种引起牛和人类片形吸虫病的寄生蠕虫。片形吸虫(肝片形吸虫和巨型片形吸虫)在宿主蜗牛和哺乳动物中具有复杂的生命周期。牛和人类在通过水生植物或受污染的水摄入受污染的片形吸虫微型阶段后感染。肝吸虫的发育阶段可以通过在体内终止幼虫阶段如孢子囊、媒介体和尾蚴或杀死中间宿主来终止。人工合成驱虫药非常有效,但会对环境造成不良影响。植物产品环保、安全,可用于防治寄生虫。方法:测定茄叶粉、提取物(乙醚、氯仿、甲醇、丙酮、乙醇)和柱纯化组分对巨蝇孢子囊、媒介和尾蚴幼虫的体外驱虫活性。暴露2 ~ 8小时后,分别评估不同的表面腾素制剂对片形吸虫的作用。这些幼虫在实验室条件下保存在自来水中,存活时间长达48小时。结果:分别在暴露2、4、6、8 h后观察幼虫死亡率,计算LC50值。有机提取物中,在乙醇中作用2 h后,对孢子囊、媒介和尾蚴的LC50值分别为63.21、64.24和63.54 mg/mL,杀虫活性最高。然而,在柱纯化的馏分中,暴露8小时后观察到最大活性,并且对孢子囊,媒介和尾蚴的LC50值分别为48.25,47.61和44.15 mg/mL。结论:本研究结果表明,表面戊二醇是一种有效的驱虫药源,可用于控制巨虫孢子囊、虫体和尾蚴幼虫。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Helminth Control: In Vitro Anthelmintic and Larvicidal Activities of Solanum surattense Against Fasciola gigantica (Sporocyst, Redia, and Cercaria) Larvae
Introduction: Liver flukes (Fasciola species) are parasitic helminths that cause fascioliasis in cattle and humans. The Fasciola species (F. hepatica and F. gigantica) have complicated life cycles in the host snails and mammals. The cattle and human population get infected after ingestion of contaminated miracidium stages of Fasciola through aquatic plants or contaminated water. The developmental stages of liver flukes can be discontinued by terminating larval stages such as sporocyst, redia, and cercaria in vivo or by killing intermediate hosts. Synthetic anthelmintic compounds are highly effective but they cause adverse effects in the environment. Plant products are eco-friendly and safe which can be used in the control of parasitic helminths. Methods: In vitro anthelmintic activities of different preparations of Solanum surattense such as pulverized leaf products, extracts (ether, chloroform, methanol, acetone, and ethanol), and column purified fractions were assessed against sporocyst, redia, and cercaria larvae of F. gigantica. Different preparations of the S. surattense were assessed separately against Fasciola larva after 2 to 8 hours of exposure. These larvae, having up to 48-hour survivability, were kept in tap water at laboratory conditions. Results: Larval mortality was observed after 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours of exposure for the calculation of LC50 value. Among all the organic extracts, the maximum larvicidal activity was observed in ethanol after 2 hours of exposure, the LC50 value against sporocyst, redia, and cercaria was reported to be 63.21, 64.24, and 63.54 mg/mL, respectively. However, maximum activity was observed after 8 hours of exposure in column purified fractions, and the LC50 value against sporocyst, redia, and cercaria was reported to be 48.25, 47.61, and 44.15 mg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: Conclusively, the present research study indicates that S. surattense is a potent source of anthelmintic compounds which can be used for the control of sporocyst, redia, and cercaria larvae of F. gigantica.
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