区块链来到乌克兰

Yuriy Yekhanurov, D.Yu. Yekhanurov
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摘要

文章考虑了实施区块链技术以提高乌克兰竞争力的可能性。本文的目的是研究在乌克兰引入区块链技术的问题和前景。对加密货币概念的立法定义的现有方法进行了考虑和系统化。分析了在乌克兰定义这种加密货币概念的现有建议,以及方法上的差异。今天,乌克兰最高拉达(Verkhovna Rada)应该选择监管该国加密货币流通的机构。这种权威的定义取决于对加密货币解释方法的选择。如果加密货币被认为是一种支付手段,它们必须受到乌克兰国家银行的监管,如果它们是一种资产,则必须受到国家证券和股票市场委员会的监管。分析了上述每个决策的潜在后果。这证明了为什么加密货币应该被视为一种资产。研究了引入立法变更后区块链技术实施的变体。提供了乌克兰区块链技术发展的进一步途径。乌克兰最高拉达(Verkhovna Rada)需要完成第3637号“关于虚拟资产”的法律草案,该草案将指定NSSMC为监管乌克兰加密货币流通的机构。在进一步确定该行业的立法框架时,最高拉达应考虑以下建议:不要禁止和引入对区块链技术的过度监管;不要向商业代表提供业余和民粹主义的建议;不要对国家基础设施的关键要素进行大胆的实验;-听取公众代表的建议,特别是区块链乌克兰协会和相关议会协会在Verkhovna Rada的代表的建议。复杂的世界需要非凡的努力来找到困难的解决方案。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
BLOCKCHAIN COMES TO UKRAINE
he article considers the possibilities of the implementation of blockchain technologies to increase the competitiveness of Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to study the problems and prospects for the introduction of blockchain technologies in Ukraine. The existing approaches to the legislative definition of the concept of cryptocurrencies are considered and systematized. The available proposals for defining the concept of such cryptocurrency in Ukraine, as well as differences in approaches are analyzed. Today, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine should choose the authority that will regulate the circulation of cryptocurrency in the country. The definition of such authority depends on the choice of approach to the interpretation of cryptocurrencies. If cryptocurrencies are recognized as a means of payment, they must be regulated by the National Bank of Ukraine, and if they are an asset, by the National Securities and Stock Market Commission. The potential consequences of each of the above decisions are analyzed. It is substantiated why cryptocurrencies should be treated as an asset. Variants of implementation of blockchain technologies after introduction of legislative changes are investigated. Further ways of the development of blockchain technologies in Ukraine are offered. Findings. Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine needs to finalize the draft law №3637 "On Virtual Assets", which will designate the NSSMC as the body that regulates the circulation of cryptocurrencies in Ukraine. In further defining the legislative framework for the sector Verkhovna Rada should take into account the following recommendations: - not to prohibit and not to introduce excessive regulation of blockchain technologies; - not to provide amateurish and populist recommendations to business representatives; - not to put bold experiments on critical elements of the state infrastructure; - carefully study the initiatives of the Ministry of Finance, as this department managed to gather highly qualified specialists; - listen to the recommendation of a representative of the public, in particular to the representatives of Blockchain-Ukraine Association and the relevant parliamentary association in Verkhovna Rada. The complex world requires extraordinary efforts to find difficult solutions.
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