Reduction of Apnea Test Time in an Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation-Dependent Potential Donor

The diagnosis of brain death is essential for deceased donor organ transplantation. Currently, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is used to increase the chance of survival of patients with severe cardiac and respiratory failure. Therefore, cases of ECMO-dependent potential donors are increasing. The apnea test (AT) is a mandatory component in the clinical determination of brain death. However, conventional AT is not easily applicable to ECMO-dependent potential donors because both the ventilator and ECMO play an important role in carbon dioxide elimination. Accordingly, different methods of AT from those used in routine procedures must be considered. We report here a case of conventional AT with time delay and two cases of AT within 3 minutes by adjusting sweep gas flow rate of ECMO in ECMO-dependent potential donors.