加密基因组数据的高效且隐私保护的编辑距离查询

Yandong Zheng, Rongxing Lu, Jun Shao, Yonggang Zhang, Hui Zhu
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引用次数: 2

摘要

由于DNA测序技术的进步,基因组数据最近出现了巨大的增长,并且正在以前所未有的速度产生。编辑距离可以衡量两个基因组数据记录之间的相似性,在疾病诊断和治疗中具有重要的应用价值。同时,由于本地数据所有者的存储和计算资源有限,编辑距离计算的典型解决方案是将基因组数据外包给功能强大的云。然而,由于基因组数据的敏感性和云服务器的不完全信任,在计算编辑距离时需要考虑隐私问题。除了数据隐私,效率也需要考虑。为了解决隐私和效率问题,本文针对单个数据所有者和单个云服务器场景,提出了一种高效且保持隐私的编辑距离计算方案。具体而言,我们首先设计了一种索引技术来降低基因组数据外包的计算成本和通信开销,并引入了快速编辑距离计算技术来加快编辑距离查询的速度。在此基础上,利用同态加密技术,提出了一种高效且保护隐私的编辑距离计算方案,该方案能够很好地保护基因组数据记录和编辑距离等隐私信息。安全性分析表明该方案具有保密性,性能评估验证了该方案的有效性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Efficient and Privacy-Preserving Edit Distance Query Over Encrypted Genomic Data
Genomic data have seen tremendous growth recently due to the advancement in DNA sequencing technologies and are being generated at an ever-higher velocity. The similarity between two genomic data records can be measured by the edit distance, which has significant applications in disease diagnosis and treatment. At the same time, due to the limited storage and computational resources at the local data owner, a typical solution for the edit distance computation is to outsource the genomic data to a powerful cloud. However, as the genomic data are sensitive and the cloud server is not fully trusted, there are privacy considerations during the edit distance computation. Apart from data privacy, efficiency also needs to be taken into consideration. In order to deal with the privacy and efficiency issues, in this paper, we propose an efficient and privacy-preserving edit distance computation scheme for a single data owner and single cloud server scenario. In specific, we first design an index technique to reduce the computational cost and communication overhead of the genomic data outsourcing, and introduce a fast edit distance computation technique to speed up the edit distance query. Then, we propose an efficient and privacy-preserving edit distance computation scheme by deploying the homomorphic encryption technique, which can well preserve the private information including genomic data records and edit distances. Besides, security analysis shows that the proposed scheme is privacy-preserving and performance evaluation validates the efficiency of the proposed scheme.
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