奥斯特的《眩晕先生:面对死亡的生命艺术》中的安慰剂效应——海德格尔的良知

Mohammad-Javad Haj’jari, N. Maleki
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摘要

在海德格尔的存在主义中,良心的声音代表着人类的内在力量,它呼唤自己进入一种真实的生活方式。海德格尔通过这个概念,呼吁我们承认我们在死前生活的可能性范围,而不是后悔我们已经做过的事情。因为真实的生活是一个过程,而不是一个目的——在这个世界上没有救赎是可能的——对这个召唤敏感就是在一生中努力保持真实。因此,这种呼吁就像服用安慰剂,让我们在健康状况不佳时保持希望,尽管可能无法治愈。保罗·奥斯特(Paul Auster)的《迷魂先生》(Mr Vertigo)是一部充满存在主义主题的小说,可以被解读为具体化海德格尔良心的存在主义语调,遵循奥斯特自己对人类状况的存在主义观点。因此,本文运用跨学科的方法,根据海德格尔的某些存在主义概念以及它们对我们的存在主义良心如何具有安慰剂效应的含义来解读《眩晕先生》。因此,本文认为奥斯特的《眩晕先生》中的耶胡迪扮演了沃尔特的良心之声的角色,帮助他获得了一种真实的生活方式,同时强调了良心的呼唤如何帮助海德格尔的“在此”,在一个由偶然性决定的世界中,它在死亡之前拥有无限的可能性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Heideggerian Conscience as Placebo Effect in Auster’s Mr Vertigo: The Art of Life in the Face of Death
The voice of conscience, in Heideggerian existentialism, stands for humanity’s inherent potency to call himself into an authentic way of living. Heidegger, through this concept, calls us to acknowledge the range of our possibilities in life before death than regret what we have already done. Since authentic living is a process than an end – no salvation being possible in this world – being sensitive to the call is trying to be authentic throughout life. As such, the call acts like taking placebos which keep us hopeful while we are in bad health, although there might be no cure. Paul Auster’s Mr Vertigo, being a novel filled with existential themes, can be read to concretise the existential intonation of Heideggerian conscience, following Auster’s own existential outlook into the human condition. This paper, by applying an interdisciplinary approach, thus reads Mr Vertigo in the light of Heidegger’s certain existential concepts and the implications they have concerning how our existential conscience has a placebo effect. As such, this paper is to argue that Auster’s Yehudi in Mr Vertigo plays the role of Walt’s voice of conscience to help him with an authentic life style, the novel meanwhile highlighting how the call of conscience can help Heidegger’s “Dasein” with the infinity of possibilities it has before death in a world determined by contingency.
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