Intervenciones psicológicas basadas en mindfulness y sus beneficios: estado actual de la cuestión

Mindfulness-based interventions, rooted in old Buddhist practices, have been updated and adapted to the western context. In the present review, the most frequently used mindfulness interventions will be described as well as the psychological mechanisms activated by them. Afterwards, applied studies will be reviewed. First, clinical trials and meta-analytic studies focused on interventions for psychological disorders will be analyzed. Second, clinical trials and meta-analytic studies focused on interventions for health conditions will be analyzed. In the last section some important issues are addressed, such as, for instance, potential adverse effects, personality profiles that fit better with this type of interventions, and topics that need more attention, such as the analysis of efficacy compared with other well-validated interventions, are reviewed. The overall conclusion after the literature review is that mindfulness-based interventions show high versatility, being very suitable for primary health care or similar settings, and have demonstrated their best results in patients with symptoms of stress, anxiety, or depression.