Aromatase Inhibitors Versus Cabergoline for the Prevention of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome: a Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind Study

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the aromatase inhibitor letrozole in the prevention of ovarian hyperstimulationsyndrome (OHSS) in patients at risk during controlled ovarian hyperstimul (COH).Design: This is a prospective, randomized, double-blind study on women at risk of the development of OHSS during COHusing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocolPatients and Methods: This research was conducted at the Center of Assisted Reproduction, Om El-kora Hospital,Tanta, Egypt. Sixty patients, who were considered at risk of the development of OHSS during COH were enrolled in thisstudy. Ovarian stimulation was performed using GnRH, whereas cabergoline (0.25 mg) given twice daily or letrozole(2.5 mg) twice daily from the day of oocyte retrieval for one week.Results: In the cabergoline group, two cases (6.6%) developed mild OHSS and one case (3.3%) developed moderateOHSS versus 8 (26.6%) mild OHSS and 6 (20%) moderate OHSS in the letrozole group. On the other hand, there was nostatistically significant difference in the number of cases that developed severe OHSS in both groups where only one case(3.3%) developed severe OHSS in the cabergoline group vs. two (6.6%) cases in the letrozole group.Conclusion: Although letrozle administration during the luteal phase of ART cycles can reduce the high E2 level inhyper-responding patients, but it cannot prevent the development of early OHSS. On the contrary, Cabergoline caneffectively prevent the development of early OHSS.