Broadband 3-D Boundary Integral Equation Characterization of Composite Conductors

In this contribution, an improved 3-D differential surface admittance operator is employed in the simulation of composite conductors. By utilizing closed sums of infinite series that are present in the discretized operator, increased accuracy is achieved, especially for materials with a well-developed skin effect. The performance of this method is shown through the study of examples with coated and layered interconnects over a broad frequency range.