乔治·奥威尔小说《动物庄园》中的预设问题

Faizal Risdianto, N. Malihah, Agung Guritno
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引用次数: 1

摘要

本研究试图探讨乔治·奥威尔小说《动物庄园》中的语用预设。具体而言,本文试图识别和分类奥威尔中篇小说中对话中使用的预设。识别基于预设触发,分类基于六种预设类型。本研究还试图分析预设在会话中的作用。本研究的数据以包含预设的话语形式存在。根据Yule的理论(1996)对六种预设类型进行分类,共发现180个预设:由确定描述和所有格结构触发的存在预设69个(38.3%),由状态动词变化触发的词汇预设35个(19.4%);含蓄谓词;由WH-question触发的53个(29.4%)结构态,由主动动词/谓语aware - glad触发的4个(2.2%)实态,由动词dream imagine触发的19个(10.6%)非实态。根据雅各布森(jacobson, 1960)提出的六种语言功能,中篇小说中的预设有五种功能,即57种(47.9%)指称功能、33种(27.7%)情感功能、25种(21.1%)意蕴功能、3种(2.5%)诗意功能和1种(0.8%)修辞功能。在本研究中,参考函数在预设中的应用被认为是最常见的。关键词:预设,预设触发,中篇小说,乔治·奥威尔
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The problem of Presupposition in George Orwell’s Novella Animal Farm
This research attempts to investigate the pragmatics presupposition in George Orwell’s Novella Animal Farm. Specifically, it tries to identify and classify the presupposition used in conversation in Orwell’s novella. The identification is based on the presupposition triggers and classification based on six type of presupposition. The research also attempts to analyze the function in the use of presupposition in conversation. The data in this research are in form of utterances containing presupposition. Based on the classification of six presupposition types according to Yule's theory (1996), 180 presuppositions are found: 69 (38,3%) existential triggered by definite description and possessive construction, 35 (19,4%) lexical triggered by change of state verb; implicative predicate; iterative, 53 (29,4%) structural triggered by WH-question, 4 (2,2%) factive triggered by factive verb/predicate aware glad and 19 (10,6%) non-factive triggered by the verb dream imagine. Based on the six language function by Jakobson (1960), there are 5 functions of presupposition in the novella which are, 57 (47, 9%) referential, 33(27,7%) emotive, 25(21,1%) conative, 3(2,5%) poetic and 1 (0,8%) phatic. In this research, the practice of referential function in applying presupposition is considered as the most frequent.Keywords: Presupposition, presupposition triggers, Novella, George Orwell
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