Counseling Psychological and Social support in light of Crises

"The early detection of crises and knowing the extent of their size and danger to the individual and society, their size, spread and psychological and social effects according to a scientific approach, and dealing with those crises and their effects has become one of the necessities to find solutions to these crises, manage them, and mitigate their effects on the individual and society alike. 3 Our society, like other societies, has been exposed to crises, disasters and campaigns of extermination and Anfal, whether at the hands of dictatorial regimes or terrorist organizations that affected the social aspect and the cohesion of society and left traces in the psyche of those who were exposed to these inhumane campaigns, and given the lack of consideration of the scientific foundations and international experiences in managing crises and disasters, as well as the lack of Benefiting from the lessons of previous crises and disasters, and the weak training in dealing with crises and disasters . Hence, it was necessary to have counseling and therapeutic programs and to provide psychological and social support to them, which unfortunately were not as required, which led many to live with the pain, disorders and psychological pressures that they suffer from for many years, which leaves its effects on the life of the individual and the cohesion of society. The current research seeks to answer the following questions : 1. Crises and disasters represented by wars, genocides and the Anfal that faced Iraqi society 2. The psychological and social effects of disasters and genocides faced by the victims and their families. 3. The role of counseling services in mitigating and addressing the psychological and social effects of victims of disasters and genocide Through a review of the psychological and social effects, a number of recommendations were presented, the most important of which is activating the role of psychological counseling and providing therapeutic and developmental counseling services for individuals who have been exposed to crises and trauma, as 4 well as the need to create staff specialized in counseling and psychological therapy and rehabilitate them scientifically and practically."