Challenges Faced by Teachers while Adopting Digital Pedagogy during Covid-19 Pandemic in Pakistani Universities

Impacts of COVID-19 caused an immediate shut down in higher education worldwide. However, in response, higher education sectors adopted instructional technologies and shifted face to face classes into online classes. This sudden and unexpected transition challenged teachers, particularly in developing countries like Pakistan. This study aimed to explore teachers’ teaching challenges during the pandemic. Data for the research were collected from three Pakistani universities; LUAWMS, University of Baluchistan and Turbat University, from the teachers' population through a self-developed questionnaire. In return, from 80 sent questionnaires via WhatsApp and E-mail, only71 well-filled responses were analyzed by SPSS (version 20). The findings examined teachers’ challenges in four areas;difficulty in immediate adoption of technology in pedagogy, challenges in online content delivery, satisfaction with students’ online assessment, and satisfaction with availability of resources for online classes. Moreover, the interpreted data have been explained and suggestions have been given for future study.