Wave spreading evaluation of interconnect systems

General multiport interconnect constraints are derived and the wave spreading evaluation (WSE) approach, which uses S-parameter based network techniques to analyze coupled, multiconductor interconnect systems for high-speed analog and digital integrated circuits, is presented. WSE is based on the spreading process of voltage waves with initial spreading waves created by the initial sources. The spreading process is independent of input sources, and every step of wave spreading meets the constraints of KCL and KVL. The continual spreading of voltage waves creates accurate results. The convergence condition is always met for passive networks.<>