生态系统景观生态学的现代研究方法

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摘要

问题的表述。本文简述了国土景观生态研究中出现的主要问题。在哈尔科夫国立农业大学Dokuchaiv植物园的例子中,它考虑了应用映射建模方法对对象领土进行视觉分析的可能性和主要优势。现代软件产品,数字分析方法使我们能够使用各种合理的方法来解决领土组织,监测其状态和实施必要措施的问题。收集、系统化、分析和处理高质量的可靠信息,作为复杂的领土数学分析的结果,预测环境问题及其解决或预防方法,是开发这种方法解决自然和农业性质对象的最佳领土组织问题的主要目标。本文的目的是:利用地图学模型分析农业生态系统的景观生态状态,确定其恢复的透视方向。具有科学新颖性和现实意义。调节土地资源生态的主要机制之一是确定、评价和实施最大可能的储量,以提高这一过程的效率。这是在资源的使用和保护方式上减少非生产性损失,并有可能将基本解决办法作为一种科学和技术进步。数字地形模型是为交互式可视化而设计的。他们在地面上的存在会产生影响。这些模型被用来确定优化土地利用的措施,以恢复和稳定生态状况,评估领土的自然游憩潜力,监测环境的组成部分,预测转型和退化过程的发展和环境现象。现代软件产品,数字分析方法允许对领土组织,监测其状况并采取必要措施的问题采取通用和合理的方法。利用构建的模型和统计数据,研究了该地区的生态状况,并提出了现代干扰区恢复方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Landscape-ecological studies of ecosystems with modern methods
Formulation of the problem. The article briefly describes the main problems that arise during landscape and ecological research of territories. On the example of the arboretum of V.V. Dokuchaiv Kharkiv National Agrarian University it considers the possibilities and main advantages of applying mapping modelling methods for visual analysis of the object’s territory. Modern software products, digital analytical methods allow us to use diverse reasonable approaches to the solution to the issues of organization of territories, monitoring of their state and implementation of necessary measures. The collection, systematization, analysis and processing of high-quality reliable information as a result of complex mathematical analysis of territories, and the forecasting of environmental problems and ways to their solution or prevention is the main goal of developing such methods for solving problems of optimal territory organization of objects of natural and agricultural character. The purpose of this article: analysis of the landscape-ecological state of agroecosystems using the cartographic modelling and determination of perspective directions of his recovery. Scientific novelty and practical significance. One of the main mechanisms in regulating the ecology of land resources is the identification, evaluation and implementation of the maximum possible reserves to increase the efficiency of this process. This is a reduction of unproductive losses in the mode of use and conservation of resources and the possibility of using the basic solution as a scientific and technological progress. Digital terrain models are designed for interactive visualization. They have an eff ect of presence on the ground. Such models are used to substantiate measures to optimize land use in order to restore and stabilize the ecological situation, assess the natural recreational potential of the territory, monitor the components of the environment, predict the development of transformation and degradation processes and environmental phenomena. Conclusions. Modern software products, digital methods of analysis allow versatile and reasonable approach to the issues of organization of territories, monitoring their condition and taking the necessary measures. With the help of the constructed models and statistical data, the ecological state of the territory was studied and modern methods of restoration of disturbed areas were proposed.
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