两个债务人的故事:应对法国和英国过度负债的冲击——一个来自特伦特皮特乌斯的故事

I. Ramsay
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引用次数: 39

摘要

英国和法国制定了不同的处理制度,以应对自1980年代中期以来过度负债个人大幅增加所带来的冲击。在法国,过度负债委员会(overdebt commission)如今主导着整个体系,法国央行(Bank of France)在其管理中扮演着核心角色。英国发展了一个由私人和公共救济提供者组成的更加分散的体系,由私人行为者推动的创新修改了现有的商业程序,并增加了获得破产救济的机会,这是政府促进创业精神的副作用。本文从利益集团(包括国家行为体)和意识形态的影响方面解释了这些国家之间的差异。历史偶然性也发挥了作用。这些截然不同的回应并非与法律渊源密切相关,本文认为,对利益集团、国家行为体和意识形态在塑造制度方面的相互作用进行分析,进而构建未来的变化,为该领域未来的比较研究提供了一种富有成效的方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A Tale Of Two Debtors: Responding to the Shock of Over‐Indebtedness in France and England – A Story from the Trente Piteuses
England and France have developed distinct treatment systems to address the shock of a substantial increase in over-indebted individuals since the mid-1980s. In France, Over-Indebtedness Commissions, with the Bank of France playing a central role in their management, now dominate the system. A more fragmented system of private and public providers of remedies developed in England, with innovation driven by private actors modifying existing commercial procedures and increased access to bankruptcy relief a side-effect of government promotion of entrepreneurialism. This article explains the differences between these countries in terms of the influence of interest groups, including state actors, and ideologies. Historical contingency also plays a role. The distinct responses were not hard-wired to legal origins and the article argues that analysis of the interaction of interest groups, state actors and ideology in shaping institutions, which in turn structure future change, provides a productive approach for future comparative research in this area.
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