科学团队如何应对不确定性

Joel Chan, Susannah B. F. Paletz
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本章回顾了多学科团队在处理不确定性方面所拥有的独特策略的先前和新的研究。特别值得一提的是,它总结了2004年美国国家航空航天局(NASA)的一项任务的最新研究结果,该任务向火星的两侧发射了两个探测器,以便地球上的科学家能够确定火星上是否存在液态水的证据。利用来自这些科学家任务相关对话的自然音视频数据,研究人员能够探索新的跨心理学问题,即这个模范的多学科科学团队如何处理不确定性。这些发现与之前关于团队和解决问题的研究一致,表明在知识多样化的团队中,分歧可以揭示个人之间潜在的不确定性,而类比可以减少不确定性。这些发现促进了对多学科科学团队如何成功的理解,并指出了研究现实世界案例对于揭示团队中社会过程和认知过程之间的新联系的价值。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
How Science Teams Deal with Uncertainty
This chapter reviews prior and new research on the unique strategies that multidisciplinary teams possess for dealing with uncertainty. In particular, it summarizes recent findings from research on the 2004 NASA mission that sent two rovers on opposite sides of Mars so that scientists on Earth could determine whether there was evidence for liquid water. Using natural audiovideo data from these scientists’ task-relevant conversations, researchers were able to explore novel cross-psychology questions about how this exemplary multidisciplinary science team dealt with uncertainty. The findings in concert with prior research on teams and problem solving suggest that in knowledge diverse teams, disagreement can uncover latent uncertainty between individuals, whereas analogies can serve to reduce uncertainty. These findings advance understanding of how multidisciplinary science teams succeed, and point to the value of studying real-world cases for uncovering novel connections between social and cognitive processes in teams.
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