{"title":"苏联镇压惩罚机构对TV 22“黑森林”单位的斗争(1946-1947)","authors":"V. Ilnytskyi, T. Batiuk","doi":"10.33402/ukr.2020-33-111-136","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Three documents are published in the article: the first one is the special report on the case No. 322 «Chornolisnyky» (Black Foresters) (November 22, 1946) (Sectoral State Archive of the State Security Service of Ukraine, f. 2: department of the struggle against banditry of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, 2-N department, the fourth department of Ministry of State Security-KGB of the USSR, Description 107 (1954), Case 2, p. 118–122; the second document was the special report on the agency-operative and military operation to eliminate the kurin «Dzvony» (December 13, 1946) (SSA of the SSS of Ukraine, f. 2, d. 107 (1954), case 2, p. 144–149).; the third one is the certificate on the agent case No. 322 «Chornolisnyky (Black Foresters)» (February 13, 1947) (SSA of the SSS, f. 2, d. 90 (1951), case 66, p. 103–108). The published documents are an important source both for the history of the battle way of TV 22 «Chornyi lis» (Black Forest) and for the characterization of the forms and methods of struggle of the repressive-punitive bodies against the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UIA). The information potential of the published documents is quite large. They show how the Soviet security forces were in possession of the information about the UIA combat units, their structural transformation, size, the territory of activity, management. It was found that, in addition to conducting military-Chekist operations to eliminate the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN), the repressive-punitive authorities actively used the agency. In the struggle against the Ukrainian Liberation Movement, it was considered appropriate to file an agency case for each group of more than 10 people (both in the Ministry of State Security and in the Ministry of Internal Affairs) with its full characterization and mandatory presence in the group of agents who developed it. That is why there were agent cases on all OUN units (rayon, district) and UIA divisions, and after the liquidation of the people, who were on file, they were closed and new ones were discovered (mainly with new titles). Soviet law enforcement bodies were careful about the seized documents. Each document was carefully studied and analyzed, and if it was encrypted, efforts were made to decrypt it. Therefore, the contents of the document were used in agent-operative, investigative and judicial practices. From the seized documents, the security forces made comprehensive, consolidated collections that were used as evidence in the conviction of nationalists (in the 1940s – 1950s and even in the 1960s – 1980s), and they also served as training material for future chekists.\n\nKeywords: Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN), Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UIA), TV 22 «Chornyi lis» (Black Forest), kurin «Dzvony», «Smertonostsi».","PeriodicalId":194701,"journal":{"name":"Ukraine: Cultural Heritage, National Identity, Statehood","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"THE STRUGGLE OF THE SOVIET REPRESSIVE-PUNITIVE BODIES AGAINST UNITS TV 22 «CHORNYI LIS» (THE BLACK FOREST) (1946–1947)\",\"authors\":\"V. Ilnytskyi, T. Batiuk\",\"doi\":\"10.33402/ukr.2020-33-111-136\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Three documents are published in the article: the first one is the special report on the case No. 322 «Chornolisnyky» (Black Foresters) (November 22, 1946) (Sectoral State Archive of the State Security Service of Ukraine, f. 2: department of the struggle against banditry of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, 2-N department, the fourth department of Ministry of State Security-KGB of the USSR, Description 107 (1954), Case 2, p. 118–122; the second document was the special report on the agency-operative and military operation to eliminate the kurin «Dzvony» (December 13, 1946) (SSA of the SSS of Ukraine, f. 2, d. 107 (1954), case 2, p. 144–149).; the third one is the certificate on the agent case No. 322 «Chornolisnyky (Black Foresters)» (February 13, 1947) (SSA of the SSS, f. 2, d. 90 (1951), case 66, p. 103–108). The published documents are an important source both for the history of the battle way of TV 22 «Chornyi lis» (Black Forest) and for the characterization of the forms and methods of struggle of the repressive-punitive bodies against the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UIA). The information potential of the published documents is quite large. They show how the Soviet security forces were in possession of the information about the UIA combat units, their structural transformation, size, the territory of activity, management. It was found that, in addition to conducting military-Chekist operations to eliminate the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN), the repressive-punitive authorities actively used the agency. In the struggle against the Ukrainian Liberation Movement, it was considered appropriate to file an agency case for each group of more than 10 people (both in the Ministry of State Security and in the Ministry of Internal Affairs) with its full characterization and mandatory presence in the group of agents who developed it. That is why there were agent cases on all OUN units (rayon, district) and UIA divisions, and after the liquidation of the people, who were on file, they were closed and new ones were discovered (mainly with new titles). Soviet law enforcement bodies were careful about the seized documents. Each document was carefully studied and analyzed, and if it was encrypted, efforts were made to decrypt it. Therefore, the contents of the document were used in agent-operative, investigative and judicial practices. From the seized documents, the security forces made comprehensive, consolidated collections that were used as evidence in the conviction of nationalists (in the 1940s – 1950s and even in the 1960s – 1980s), and they also served as training material for future chekists.\\n\\nKeywords: Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN), Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UIA), TV 22 «Chornyi lis» (Black Forest), kurin «Dzvony», «Smertonostsi».\",\"PeriodicalId\":194701,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Ukraine: Cultural Heritage, National Identity, Statehood\",\"volume\":\"49 1\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"1900-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Ukraine: Cultural Heritage, National Identity, Statehood\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.33402/ukr.2020-33-111-136\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Ukraine: Cultural Heritage, National Identity, Statehood","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.33402/ukr.2020-33-111-136","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
文章中发表了三份文件:第一份是关于第322号案件“Chornolisnyky”(黑森林人)的特别报告(1946年11月22日)(乌克兰国家安全局部门国家档案,第2页:内务部反土匪斗争司,第2- n司,国家安全部第四司-苏联克格勃,第107号说明(1954年),第2号案件,第118-122页);第二份文件是关于消灭库林“zvony”的机构行动和军事行动的特别报告(1946年12月13日)(乌克兰国家安全监察局,第2页,第107(1954),案件2,第144-149页);第三份是第322号特工案件“Chornolisnyky(黑森林人)”的证明(1947年2月13日)(国安局的国安局,第2页,第90页(1951年),案件66,第103-108页)。公布的文件是了解电视22“Chornyi lis”(黑森林)战斗方式的历史,以及对乌克兰起义军(UIA)的镇压惩罚机构的斗争形式和方法的重要来源。所发表的文件的信息潜力是相当大的。它们展示了苏联安全部队是如何掌握UIA作战单位的信息的,它们的结构转变,规模,活动范围,管理。调查发现,除了进行军事契诃夫行动以消灭乌克兰民族主义者组织外,镇压惩罚当局还积极利用该机构。在反对乌克兰解放运动的斗争中,人们认为适当的做法是对每一组10人以上的人(包括国家安全部和内务部的人)提出一份机构案件,充分说明其特点,并在制定案件的特工小组中强制存在。这就是为什么在所有联合国单位(人造丝,地区)和联合国分部都有代理人案件,在对档案中的人进行清算后,这些案件被关闭,新的案件被发现(主要是新的头衔)。苏联执法机构对缴获的文件非常谨慎。每一份文件都经过仔细研究和分析,如果是加密的,就会努力解密。因此,该文件的内容被用于特工行动、调查和司法实践。从缴获的文件中,安全部队进行了全面、统一的收集,这些文件被用作定罪民族主义者的证据(在20世纪40年代至50年代,甚至在20世纪60年代至80年代),它们也被用作未来检查官的培训材料。关键词:乌克兰民族主义者组织(OUN),乌克兰叛军(UIA), TV 22“Chornyi lis”(黑森林),kurin“zvony”,“Smertonostsi”。
THE STRUGGLE OF THE SOVIET REPRESSIVE-PUNITIVE BODIES AGAINST UNITS TV 22 «CHORNYI LIS» (THE BLACK FOREST) (1946–1947)
Three documents are published in the article: the first one is the special report on the case No. 322 «Chornolisnyky» (Black Foresters) (November 22, 1946) (Sectoral State Archive of the State Security Service of Ukraine, f. 2: department of the struggle against banditry of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, 2-N department, the fourth department of Ministry of State Security-KGB of the USSR, Description 107 (1954), Case 2, p. 118–122; the second document was the special report on the agency-operative and military operation to eliminate the kurin «Dzvony» (December 13, 1946) (SSA of the SSS of Ukraine, f. 2, d. 107 (1954), case 2, p. 144–149).; the third one is the certificate on the agent case No. 322 «Chornolisnyky (Black Foresters)» (February 13, 1947) (SSA of the SSS, f. 2, d. 90 (1951), case 66, p. 103–108). The published documents are an important source both for the history of the battle way of TV 22 «Chornyi lis» (Black Forest) and for the characterization of the forms and methods of struggle of the repressive-punitive bodies against the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UIA). The information potential of the published documents is quite large. They show how the Soviet security forces were in possession of the information about the UIA combat units, their structural transformation, size, the territory of activity, management. It was found that, in addition to conducting military-Chekist operations to eliminate the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN), the repressive-punitive authorities actively used the agency. In the struggle against the Ukrainian Liberation Movement, it was considered appropriate to file an agency case for each group of more than 10 people (both in the Ministry of State Security and in the Ministry of Internal Affairs) with its full characterization and mandatory presence in the group of agents who developed it. That is why there were agent cases on all OUN units (rayon, district) and UIA divisions, and after the liquidation of the people, who were on file, they were closed and new ones were discovered (mainly with new titles). Soviet law enforcement bodies were careful about the seized documents. Each document was carefully studied and analyzed, and if it was encrypted, efforts were made to decrypt it. Therefore, the contents of the document were used in agent-operative, investigative and judicial practices. From the seized documents, the security forces made comprehensive, consolidated collections that were used as evidence in the conviction of nationalists (in the 1940s – 1950s and even in the 1960s – 1980s), and they also served as training material for future chekists.
Keywords: Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN), Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UIA), TV 22 «Chornyi lis» (Black Forest), kurin «Dzvony», «Smertonostsi».