TRALI in a Patient with Hematological Malignancy: Complexities in the Critically Ill

Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is the leading cause of transfusion related mortality. It is a new lung injury occuring within 6 hours of transfusion having no alternative risk factors of acute lung injury. Here we report a patient with AML-M3, who probably had TRALI after apheresis platelet transfusion and died despite prompt resuscitation. A strong clinical suspicion of TRALI is required. Critically ill patients with hematological malignancies are at risk population for TRALI. TRALI related mortality rate in such patients is significant. TRALI risk mitigation measures should be implemented in this cohort to reduce the incidence.