令人眩晕的传记:佩特拉·科斯塔和莱尼·瑞芬斯塔尔的轨迹

Marcos De Bona de Carvalho
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摘要

本文将讨论年轻女性电影人的轨迹,她们有机会进入权力的后台,拍摄关于德国和巴西历史上重要事件的电影。1935年,莱尼·里芬斯塔尔利用她与纳粹领导人和希特勒本人的亲密关系,出版了《意志的胜利》。同样是那些发表煽动性演讲的人,电影制片人运用创新的技术,使她成为电影界的参考。但第二次世界大战引发了里芬斯塔尔职业生涯的转折,他后来试图掩盖自己与纳粹主义的关系。2020年,《民主的边缘》被提名奥斯卡最佳纪录片。导演佩特拉·科斯塔(Petra Costa)与权力的亲密关系也帮助她的电影在其他关于迪尔玛·罗塞夫(Dilma Rousseff)弹劾过程的电影中脱颖而出,她提供了独家证词,并被佩特拉捕捉到亲密时刻。佩特拉(一名承包商的孙女)将巴西军事独裁时期繁荣的建筑公司的腐败历史与最近发生的事件交织在一起,描绘了分裂国家的日益加深的深渊,使其民主处于危险之中。考虑到受益于迪尔玛被弹劾的博尔索纳罗政府期间发生的事情,电影的名字具有预言性。根据Susan Sontag的文本(《土星的标志下》)以及巴西杂志Veja和Piauí的文章,我将分析电影制作人与他们的电影和时代的关系。这表明,尽管他们的政治意识形态不同,但他们的轨迹有几个相似之处。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Biografias em Vertigem: As Trajetórias de Petra Costa e Leni Riefenstahl
The article will discuss the trajectories of young women filmmakers who, with access to the backstage of power, made films about important events in the histories of Germany and Brazil.In 1935 Leni Riefenstahl launches The Triumph of the Will, using her proximity to Nazi leaders and Hitler himself. The same ones who deliver inflammatory speeches captured by the filmmaker applying innovative techniques that made her a reference in the world of cinema. But the World War II provoked a career turn for Riefenstahl, who later tries to hide his involvement with Nazism.In 2020 The Edge of Democracy is nominated for an Oscar for best documentary. The proximity of director Petra Costa to power also helped to highlight her film among others made about the impeachment process of Dilma Rousseff, who gives exclusive testimonies and is captured at intimacy moments by Petra. Intertwining the history of corruption of the construction companies that prospered during the military dictatorship in Brazil with recent events, Petra (granddaughter of a contractor) portrays the growing abyss that divides the country putting its democracy in jeopardy. The title of the film is prophetic, considering events that happened during the Bolsonaro government, which benefited from Dilma’s impeachment.Based on texts by Susan Sontag (Under the Sign of Saturn) and on articles from the Brazilian magazines Veja and Piauí, I will analyze the relationship of the filmmakers with their films and their times. Demonstrating that, despite having opposed political ideologies, their trajectories have several points of mirroring.
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