脑蛛网膜下腔小梁网络的新型电- fsi模型

Khashayar Teimoori, A. Sadegh, Bhaskar Paneri
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引用次数: 0

摘要

大脑被包裹在头骨中,由一系列三种纤维组织层悬浮和支撑:硬脑膜、蛛网膜和皮亚物质,即脑膜。蛛网膜小梁是位于蛛网膜和网膜之间的被称为蛛网膜下腔(SAS)的胶原组织链。SAS小梁在抑制和减少大脑相对于颅骨的相对运动中起重要作用。SAS充满了脑脊液(CSF),这是一种无色的液体,在蛛网膜下腔内包围着整个大脑。这种液体在头部运动时稳定大脑的形状和位置。为了解决SAS正常和病理功能,在电刺激条件下,本研究提出了一种新的全耦合电-流-结构相互作用(eFSI)建模方法,以研究SAS- csf系统在经颅直流刺激(tDCS)技术提供的外加电流下的响应。首先,采用有限元法对具有多种小梁形态的脑SAS二维通道模型进行了数值模拟。然后,通道模型通过施加1 ~ 2mA的直流电施加特定的电场强度。使用COMSOL Multiphysics v. 5.3a软件进行耦合eFSI数值模拟,以研究外加电场对CSF流动的影响,从而显示通道模型内小梁的偏转。本研究结果表明,感应电场通过加剧脑脊液流动的速度分布和降低施加在小梁SAS通道内的每个小梁上的流压而减少小梁的偏转。这种机电结构建模方法非常重要,因为施加在通道壁上的电流可以直接影响脑脊液的流动。事实上,这项研究的结果可以为未来对脑积水等疾病的研究开辟新的视野,脑积水涉及大脑内脑脊液的异常产生率。这种疾病可以通过在大脑中施加电流来控制,使用一种可用的大脑刺激技术,即tDCS。通过使用电刺激技术,人们可以控制脑功能的动态,因此,通过本研究中提出的第一个eFSI多物理场建模方法来调节功能障碍。简而言之,脑SAS可能被认为是电疗和机电神经调节的新区域。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Novel Electro-FSI Model of Trabecular Network in the Brain Sub Arachnoid Space
The brain is encased in the skull and suspended and supported by a series of three fibrous tissue layers: Dura mater, Arachnoid and Pia matter, known as the Meninges. Arachnoid trabeculae are strands of collagen tissues located in a space between the arachnoid and the pia matter known as the subarachnoid space (SAS). The SAS trabeculae play an important role in damping and reducing the relative movement of the brain with respect to the skull. The SAS is filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which is a colorless fluid that surrounds all over the brain inside the subarachnoid spaces. This fluid stabilizes the shape and position of the brain during head movements. To address normal and pathological SAS functions, under conditions where an electrical stimulation is applied, this study proposes a novel fully-coupled electro-Fluid-Structure Interaction (eFSI) modeling approach to investigate the response of the system of SAS-CSF under the applied electric current, which is provided by the transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) technique according to the following steps. First, a two-dimensional channel model of the brain SAS with several trabecular morphologies is numerically simulated using the finite element (FE) method. The channel model is then subjected to a specific electric field intensity by applying a 1∼2mA direct current. COMSOL Multiphysics v. 5.3a software is used to perform the coupled eFSI numerical simulation in order to investigate the effects of the applied electric field on the flow of the CSF, thereby showing the deflection of the trabeculae inside the channel model. The results of this study demonstrate that the induced electric field causes less deflection of the trabeculae by exacerbating the velocity profile of the cerebrospinal fluid flow and decreasing the flow pressure applied on each trabecula inside the trabecular SAS channel. This electro-mechanostructural modeling approach is significant because of the applied current on the channel walls that can directly affect the CSF flow. In fact, the results of this study can open up a new horizon for future research on disorders like hydrocephalus, which involves an unusual production rate of the CSF inside the brain. This disorder may be controlled by applying an electric current in the brain, using one of the available brain stimulation techniques, i.e. tDCS. By using an electrical stimulation technique, one might control the dynamics of brain function and, therefore, regulate dysfunctionality through the first eFSI multiphysics modeling approach proposed in this study. Briefly, the brain SAS may be considered as a novel region for electrotherapeutic and electromechanical neuromodulation.
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