Associations of primary open-angle glaucoma and metabolic syndrome: A review

Objective: We aim to review the available literature on the relationship between Metabolic Syndrome and the development of primary open-angle glaucoma. Methods: A bibliographic search of articles published in English using PubMed, LILACS, MEDLINE, BIREME Internet search sites, and Scopus databases. For the search, the following terms were used: glaucoma, open-angle, metabolic syndrome, Systemic Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, Obesity, Dyslipidemia, and risk factors. Findings and conclusions: Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness. Timely diagnosis is essential for preventing vision loss, which has made risk factors of interest in public health for achieving early screening for glaucoma, especially for those with higher risk. The literature has shown a clear relationship between several components of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) in isolation from POAG, and the etiological factors that explain this relationship have been established. However, some of these studies have yet to show a statistically significant relationship. More studies are required to show whether there is a significant relationship between the components of Metabolic Syndrome and POAG.