Leki recepturowe stosowane donosowo i w farmakoterapii chorób zatok w codziennej praktyce otorynolaryngologicznej – możliwości, wskazania, wyzwania

Introduction: Ear and nose drops, solutions (used in iontophoresis), mixtures (for gargling) and nose and ear ointments are the most popular compounding medicines in ENT practice. Advantages of compouding medicines are small amounts or even lack of dye substances, preservatives, fragrances, what is highly important for pediatric and allergic patients. Additionally, the dose of the active ingredient may be adjusted to the weight and age of a patient, especially when there is lack of a finished medical product with the active ingredient in pharmaceutical market. Aim: The main aim of this publication is to review the literature, publications, guidelines, monographs, books about the compounding medicines in ENT for complex assess of the indications, possibilities and challenges in the safety and effectiveness issues. Material and methods: The material of the overview were publications in medical bases such as Scopus, Embase, ScienceDirect, PubMed with the searching keywords: ear sinus compounding ENT compounding + drugs + ENT. Results: Active ingredients used in compounding medications in ENT are anti-inflammatory substances, antibacterial substances, antifungal substances and others peppermint oil, boric acid. Conclusions: Compounding medicines are used in pharmacotherapy of nose and sinus diseases due to the lack or limit the additives and make possible the individualization of therapy.