CASE STUDY OF SOYBEAN INOCULATION WITH BIOTECHNOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS

Soybean is a powerful biological fixer of molecular nitrogen. Increasing the intensification of nitrogen fixation of the culture is facilitated by inoculation – the settlement of the root zone with effective strains of symbiotic nodule bacteria. Bubble symbiotic bacteria fix molecular nitrogen and transform it into a form available for cultures. Also, nodule bacteria synthesize amino acids and vitamins of group B and other biologically active substances, which in general has a positive effect on the growth and development of soybeans and ensures high crop productivity. Peculiarities of the interaction of leguminous plants and nodule bacteria in field conditions depend on a number of factors, such as the genotype of plants, species composition, the number and activity of nitrogen fixers, the properties of soils, their water and temperature regimes, and the level of agricultural technology. The effectiveness of soybean inoculation with biotechnological preparations based on nitrogen-fixing microorganisms was analyzed. In Ukraine, a number of biotechnological preparations on the basis of nodule bacteria such as Nitragin, Rhizotrophin, Rhizoaktiv, Rhizobophyte, Rhizohumin, Azotophyte, Azorchis have been created and tested. According to the results of the scientific literature analysis and the conducted research, a positive effect of biotechnological preparations  use on the formation of nodules on soybean roots and the increase in the intensity of nitrogen fixation was established. Positive changes in the indicators of the crop yield structure under the influence of inoculation were also monitored. It has been confirmed that the productivity of soybeans has increased due to the biotechnological preparations use based on symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria. It has been proven that the inoculation of soybeans with biotechnological preparations is an effective measure that ensures an increase in the productivity of soybeans, an improvement in the quality of the obtained products, contributes to the intensification of the formation of nodules on the roots, and as a result, enhances the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen.