Theoretical facets of concept differentiation: modus and dictum

. The study of the modus and dictum in the semantic-syntactic structure of the sentence is relevant, since the study of linguistic units in correlation on the formal-grammatical, semantic and communicative levels is one of the linguistic features of speech structure and is fixed by its grammatical description. It deals with the process of communication, the act of speech (both external and internal) intellectual and emotional spheres of life. for demarcation modus and dictum, their correlation in the semantic-syntactic structure of the sentence. The research is based on the general scientific and linguistic methods. The results. Antonymic features of the language system and its use in the language and speech lie in the center of the meaning of a sentence. The correlation of lexical, morphological and syntactic exponents of modus and dictum meanings in the structure of a sentence is described in the article. The sentence structures with modal verbs can express meanings that belong not only to dictus modality by definition, but to modus modality as well. Dictum meanings refer to modus meanings as obligatory with optional ones. This contributes in the spere of concept differentiation: 1) it is inseparable from the very concept of the sentence 2) the meanings are determined by the the speaker’s will. They reflect two different types of relations, but this difference between them is not limited by the obligatory nature of the first and the optional nature of the second.