The study on the effect of population density on radio frequency interference (RFI) analysis on dynamic spectrum at selected CALLISTO stations

Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) has become a critical issue in radio astronomy observation in recentyears. Compact Astronomical Low-Cost Instrument for Spectroscopy in Transportable Observatories(CALLISTO) is a worldwide network of spectrometer system for solar activity monitoring. The detection ofsolar radio bursts is being interrupted due to RFI as these stations are held on the ground. Since RFI signalsare being detected from surrounding, this gives inaccurate data for ground base station observations. RFIsources are mostly from man-made devices. This paper study analysis of RFI level at selected CALLISTOstations by using Kurtosis Analysis. Data from Banting, Malaysia, Sumedang, Indonesia, Ooty, India andDaejeon, South Korea stations for two months (45–870 MHz) that contain solar burst and no solar bursthad been selected. The kurtosis value is then compared with the population density to get the relationshipbetween the population density and the RFI level. The highest average of kurtosis value indicates thelowest of radio frequency interference at these sites. MATLAB software was used for the data analysis andMicrosoft Excel for the RFI profiling graphing. The results show that the high population density is not amain factor that contributes the interference towards the surrounding. Key words: Radio Frequency Interference (RFI), radio astronomy, kurtosis analysis, e-CALLISTO.