Doppler Scale Estimation for Underwater Acoustic Communications Using Zadoff-Chu Sequences

This paper introduces a novel way to accurately estimate Doppler scaling factors in multi-scale multi-lag (MSM-L) channels for underwater acoustic communications using a Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence. Taking advantages of the ZC sequence, the Doppler scale estimation is successfully transformed into a frequency analysis problem. An iterative approach is designed to calculate the Doppler scaling factor of each path in the MSML channel. Numerical simulations are carried out to compare the proposed method with the fractional Fourier transform (FrFT)-based one. The results show that the proposed method has a better performance than the latter one.