Engineering neural networks in vitro: microstamping biomolecules to control cell position

The authors have developed a technique in which biomolecules may be stamped on glassy substrates in arbitrary patterns, with micrometer resolution, and in multiple layers. The silicone rubber microstamps are formed from micromachined (by reactive ion-etch) polyimide molds. Fluorescence patterns demonstrate efficacy in biomolecule transfer. Patterns of stamped and photoresist patterned polylysine are equally effective in controlling growth of neuroblastoma cells. The technique is promising for the creation of biological neural networks in culture.