Evaluation of Necrotumic Factor, Fasting Diabetes, Fasting Insulin and Insulin Resistance Levels in Women with Gestational Diabetes

This study aims to examine the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α, endothelial growth factors, fasting insulin, fasting blood glucose, and insulin resistance, in 70 women with gestational diabetes in the city of Kirkuk for the period between November 2022 and April 2023 in Kirkuk General Hospital and the medical and specialized clinics. The age of these women ranges between 20-40 years who were divided into two age groups: (20-29) and (30-40). Each group included (35). In addition, the control group included 20 healthy people who did not suffer from any symptoms. After obtaining blood serum, physiological and biochemical tests were conducted. The results show a significant increase (p≤0.01) in the concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), in the level of fasting insulin, fasting blood sugar, and insulin resistance in women with gestational diabetes when compared with the control group. However, both groups of patients (20-29) and (30-40) showed no significant difference in the variables of the study.