An Overview of the Progress of CO2 Capture Technologies

Global energy consumption continues to grow, leading to increased carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions due to the increasing use of fossil fuels in industrial and power plants. Carbon capture and storage have been identified as the most effective technologies for reducing CO2 emissions while using fossil fuels to generate electricity. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) defines a wide range of technologies being built to transfer CO2 releases from significant point sources of fossil fuel use to secure geological deposits instead of releasing them into the environment. This analysis revealed that CO2 capture technologies which include precombustion capture, post-combustion capture, and oxy-fuel capture, have the potential to substantially cut back the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Moreover, this study includes the technologies of CO2 capture with separation which includes the adsorption, absorption, membrane, microalgae, and cryogenic methods. Finally, this study extensively describes the most common and developed measures for comparing and analyzing CO2 emission and capture technology to achieve zero-emission of CO2 in near future.