本土婚姻教育方案之推展與評估: 以「牽手戀家」家庭共學方案為例

背景與目的:「牽手戀家」家庭共學方案是一個以台灣夫妻互動特色為設計主軸的婚姻教育方案。本研 究的目的有二:(1)評估「牽手戀家」家庭共學方案本土性、趣味性、私密性、及專業性特色之呈 現;(2)評估「牽手戀家」家庭共學方案關係增溫之成效。方法:本研究採用問卷調查法、焦點團體 及個別訪談三種方法收集相關資料，本方案共有17對夫妻全程參與並完整填寫問卷，有7對夫妻參與焦 點團體或進行深入訪談。結果:在呈現方案特色方面，77.8%的參與者學習到切合台灣夫妻的互動方 式，呈現本方案的本土性;88.9%的參與者學習到趣味性的課程，呈現本方案的趣味性;76.5%的參與者 滿意本方案提供夫妻獨處的時光，呈現本方案的私密性;77.8%的參與者學習到專業知識內容，呈現本 方案的專業性。在評估夫妻關係增溫的成效方面，本研究結果顯示，在七對參與訪談的夫妻中，三對夫 妻的婚姻品質上升，有三對夫妻其中一位婚姻品質上升，另一位婚姻品質下降，有一對夫妻婚姻品質沒 有改變，可看出方案似乎對大部分的參與者有產生活化伴侶關係的效果。結論與建議:究竟婚姻教育方 案如何讓夫妻關係增溫?在本研究質性資料中初步發現，其中的機制或許是透過課程設計，讓夫妻覺察 到之前被忽略之處，讓他們更了解對方;對關係發展產生新的觀點，重新思考配偶行為背後的意義;學 習轉念，進而調整自己的作法。最後，研究者提出對未來婚姻教育方案推廣及評估的建議。  Context and Object: The "Holding Hands" family program is a marriage education program that focuses on interactional characteristics of Taiwanese couples, emphasizes the enjoyability of shared activities, and pays attention to individual privacy and differences between husband and wife. The purpose of this study is twofold: (1) to evaluate the "Holding Hands" family program across four major characteristics: localization, enjoyability, privacy, and professionalism; (2) to assess the effects of the "Holding Hands" family program in enriching marital relationships. Method: Survey, focus groups, and individual interviews were employed to collect relevant data in this study. The survey included items for examining the degree of learning and satisfaction that couples felt towards the program. It also investigated changes in the quality of marriage before and after couples participated in the program. Focus groups and individual interviews were used to understand the feelings of the couples towards the characteristics of the program and to explore the processes of how marital relationships improve over time. A total of 17 couples participated in the program and completed the questionnaire. Seven couples participated in focus groups or in-depth interviews. Results: In evaluating this program, 78% of participants felt that the interaction method they learned was suitable for Taiwanese couples, showing the localization of the program; 89% of participants found the activities to be entertaining, showing the enjoyability of the program; 77% of participants were satisfied that the program provided alone time for couples, demonstrating the privacy of the program; and 78% of participants acquired professional knowledge about marriage, reflecting the professionalism of the program. In assessing the impact of this program, the results showed that among seven couples who completed pretest and posttest questionnaires, three couples’ marital quality increased over time, three couples showed different patterns between husbands and wives in marital quality changes (one’s marital quality increased and the other’s marital quality decreased), and one couple’s marital quality remained the same as before. It seemed that the program had the effect of revitalizing the partnership for most of the participants. How exactly did the "Holding Hands" family program enrich the relationship between husband and wife? The qualitative findings showed that this marital education program promoted marital quality by designing courses that (1) allowed the couples to realize what was previously overlooked and to understand each other better, (2) generated new perspectives on relationship development and rethought the meanings behind their spousal behaviors, and (3) allowed for couples to change their thoughts and then adjust their approaches. Conclusion and Suggestions: This program achieved breakthroughs and demonstrated strength across the four major characteristics. The program also provided activities for couples’ children to enable couples to participate. By emphasizing enjoyability and privacy, the program appealed to participants in various groups and genders. The concepts for this program were all derived from the results of localized research, which was tailored to the life experiences and ways of communications among Taiwanese couples. Future marriage education research may consider combining activities with the husband and wife, children, and even the whole family, which should increase couples’ participation and acceptance of marriage education. To promote future marriage education, government and non-governmental organizations can combine resources from the industry, government, and academia sources to examine the effect of marriage education currently implemented in Taiwan, understand the main mechanism by which marriage education improves marital relationship, and explore the applicability of marriage education programs to couples at different phases of family life.