在描述平原阿尔冈琴语的独特特性时,语法术语和概念使用准确性的重要性

Avelino Corral Esteban
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摘要

这篇论文的主题是受我与牛津大学的Philomen Probert博士合作的一个项目的启发,该项目涉及语法传统的长期历史。由于我对语言类型学和对许多语言的语法-语义-语用界面的研究感兴趣,特别是美洲土著语言,它们在许多方面与印欧语言不同,我观察到,如果我们使用通常用于分析广泛研究的语言(如英语,西班牙语或法语)的语法术语和概念,则无法准确描述某些语言。因为一种语言的某些语法属性可能与另一种语言的语法属性不相同,因此需要不同的处理。因此,首先,通过采用从所有语法领域衍生的整体比较视角,我旨在揭示平原阿尔冈昆语的独特特征,如夏延语/ Tsėhesenėstsestȯtse(美国蒙大拿州和俄克拉何马州),黑脚语/ Siksika语,凯奈语和皮卡尼语(美国蒙大拿州);与印欧语言(如英语、西班牙语、法语或德语)相比,Arapaho / Hinono ' eitiit(美国怀俄明州和俄克拉何马州)和Gros Ventre / White Clay或Atsina / Aaniiih(美国蒙大拿州)显示。对这些数据的后续检查将提供一些术语和概念的例子,这些术语和概念通常用于传统的语法描述,但并不能准确地表征这些美洲土著语言的语法。最后,我将尝试提出可以更充分地描述这些语言所表现出的独特语法特性的替代术语和概念。本文基于知识共享署名4.0国际许可协议发布。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Importance of Accuracy in the Use of Grammatical Terms and Concepts in the Description of the Distinctive Properties of Plains Algonquian Languages
The subject of this paper was inspired by my collaboration on a project involving the long-term histories of grammatical traditions led by Dr. Philomen Probert at the University of Oxford. Owing to my interest in linguistic typology and the study of the syntax-semantics-pragmatics interface in a number of languages,  – especially Native American languages, which differ in many respects from Indo-European languages,  –, I have observed that some languages cannot be accurately described if we use the grammatical terms and concepts commonly applied to the analysis of extensively studied languages such as English, Spanish or French, as certain grammatical properties of one language may not be equivalent to those of another and, consequently, require a different treatment. Thus, firstly, by adopting a holistic comparative perspective deriving from all areas of grammar, I aim to reveal the distinctive features that Plains Algonquian languages such as Cheyenne / Tsėhesenėstsestȯtse (Montana and Oklahoma, USA), Blackfoot / Siksika, Kainai, and Pikani, (Montana, USA; Alberta, Canada), Arapaho / Hinono´eitiit (Wyoming and Oklahoma, USA), and Gros Ventre / White Clay or Atsina / Aaniiih (Montana, USA) display when compared with Indo-European languages such as English, Spanish, French or German. The subsequent examination of these data will provide examples of terms and concepts that are typically used in traditional grammatical descriptions, but that do not serve to characterize the grammar of these Native American languages accurately. Finally, I will attempt to propose alternative terms and concepts that might describe the distinctive grammatical properties exhibited by these languages more adequately.   This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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