“修身为本”——“天下太平、治国理家、修身”递归过程中的个体

Jiantao Ren
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摘要

今天,“治家事,善治国,天下太平”已经成为一种固定的叙事形式,中国通过这种叙事形式与传统保持联系。然而,大多数这样的表达方式偏离了《伟大的学问》的原始语境,因此成为传达现代和国际思想的一种方式。《大学问》中的“治家事、善国、天下太平”是“八项基本原则”(学事、学知识、思诚、正心、修身、治家事、治国家、天下太平)中的后三项,与其他五项似乎是分开的。然而,只有将这八项原则循序渐进地联系在一起,才能准确而全面地理解后三项原则(“治家事,善治国,天下太平”)的含义。它们是按递进顺序排列的,但只有回溯到“研究事物”,我们才能真正理解“全八”的深刻含义。在这种双向秩序中,个人的“自我修养”是关键环节。这样的认识,有助于聚焦儒家思想的基本集体主义思想,凸显其现代意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
“Self-Cultivation as the Root of All”—The Individual in the Recursive Process of “Ensuring Peace for All Under Heaven, Good State Governance and Regulation of Family Affairs, and Self-Cultivation”
Abstract Today, “regulation of family affairs, good state governance and ensuring peace to all under heaven” has become a fixed-format narrative through which China remains attached to its traditions. However, most such expressions digress from the original context of The Great Learning and so have become a way of conveying modern and international ideas instead. “Regulation of family affairs, good state governance and ensuring peace to all under heaven” in the context of The Great Learning are the last three of the “eight essential principles (studying things, acquiring knowledge, being sincere in thought, rectifying one’s heart/mind, cultivating oneself, regulating one’s family affairs, governing the state well, and ensuring peace to all under heaven),” and seemingly separate from the other five. However, only by connecting the eight principles together, both progressively and recursively, can one accurately and fully understand the meaning of the last three (“regulation of family affairs, good state governance and ensuring peace to all under heaven”). They are listed in a progressive order but only by going backward to “studying things” can we truly understand the profound meaning of the “complete eight.” In these two-way orders, “self-cultivation” by the individual is the key link. Such an understanding helps to focus on the basic collectivist ideas of Confucian thought, and to highlight its modern significance.
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