企业创新发展的功能、模式和形式

S. Savina
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文对企业创新活动竞争力的依赖性进行了研究。专家强调了制约生产创新发展的因素:融资缺乏(85.7%);高费用(40.3%);相当高的信用率(38.7%);重大经济风险(24.1%);原材料问题(29.2%);立法框架不完善(31.5%)。在文尼察地区,近年来轻工业公司的创新费用总体呈下降趋势。由于创新活动的结果,下一个结构形式可能会突出:减少交易和业务成本;公司产品名称的重新定位和扩充;公司组织结构和管理结构的优化;质量体系的建立;根据适当的标准进行认证。轻工业企业创新发展机制的形成考虑到科学技术(创新)成果在生产和管理活动中的复杂实施,并应基于以下概念原则:资源提供:公司存在适当数量的物质、劳动力、技术、应用和基础设施机会,以实施创新和实现制度变革;-效率:非生产成本的动态降低,基于新技术制造的产品实现收入的增加;公司在市场上竞争地位的扩大和加强;-平衡:存在对金融和经济活动的定量和定性评估以及对创新实施和制度变革效率的评估的平衡系统;-可控性:创新过程的实际状态与项目的符合性,该项目是在管理体系过程变更后策划的;-一致性:根据时间、条件和资源实现创新流程和技术与基本组织变革的同步。综合已有的研究,笔者认为,在充分考虑各项基本要求和原则的前提下,建立有效的轻工企业创新与投资发展管理体系是实现轻工企业高竞争力的可能。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Functions, models, and forms of the innovative development of a company
The article contains a study of the dependence of the enterprise on the competitiveness of its innovative activity.Experts highlight factors refraining the innovative development of production: the absence of financing (85.7%); high expenses(40.3%); considerable credit rates (38.7%); a significant economic risk (24.1%); problems concerning raw materials (29.2%); theimperfect legislative framework (31.5%). In Vinnytsia region there has been a tendency of the decrease of a general amount of innovativeexpenses of light industry companies during the last years. As a result of the innovative activity next structural forms maybe highlighted: the reduction of transactional and operational costs; the re-projection and the expansion of the nomenclature ofcompany products; the optimization of an organizational and managerial structure of a company; the creation of a quality system;the certification according to appropriate standards.The formation of innovation development mechanism of light industry companies contemplates the complex implementation ofthe topical achievements of science and techniques (innovations) in a production and managerial activity and should be based onsuch conceptual principles: — resource provision: the existence of an appropriate amount of material, labor, technical, applied, andinfrastructural opportunities of companies for implementation of innovations and realization of system changes; — efficiency: thedynamic reduction of non-production costs, the increase of incomes of realization of products manufactured on the basis of newtechnologies; the expansion and strengthening rival positions of a company in a market; — balance: the existence of balanced systemof the quantitative and qualitative estimation of a finance and economic activity and of the estimation of efficiency of innovationimplementation and system changes; — controllability: the compliance of a factual state of an innovative process with a projectone, which is planned after processes of the management system change; — coherence: the synchronization of implementation ofinnovative processes and technologies with essential organizational changes according to time, terms, and resources. Taking intoconsideration the done research the author may conclude that the provision of high competitiveness of a light industry company ispossible in terms of the formation of effective management system of its innovation and investment development with account forall essential requirements and principles.
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