国际词汇在外国人学习乌克兰语中的作用

I. Lynchak
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摘要

文章分析了国际主义在初学英语的乌克兰语教学实践中的特点和语言教学潜力。研究结果表明,在外语学习之初就运用国际主义是培养外语交际者词汇、语音、语法等语言技能的有效途径,从而提高外语交际者的交际能力。首先,研究者定义了“国际词汇”一词的含义,描述了国际单位的类型,并指出只有绝对的完全国际主义和部分国际主义(具有相同的关键意义)适合乌克兰语初始阶段的教学方法。其他具有相对相同的语音形态(声音和/或图形)结构,但语义不同的中间词,不能有效地用于外国受众的词汇教学。在语言学中,这样的词被称为“译者的假朋友”。在学习“大学”、“城市”、“专业”、“美食”、“体育”等各种词汇主题的第一年,大量的国际词汇是必不可少的。作者建议将这一层次的词汇根据其在特定语境中的交际便利性,以连贯、系统的方式组织成特定的主题组和词汇语义组。在教授乌克兰字母时,让学生熟悉乌克兰语的图形、语音和正字法特点,培养正确发音和阅读的技能,教师可以使用国际词汇作为说明性材料。这不仅可以比较目标语(乌克兰语)和中介语(英语)中的间词,还可以在熟悉和不熟悉的音标及其组合之间建立联系,从而形成乌克兰语的单词,并加速这些单词在外国学生词汇中的使用。在第一个语法主题的学习中使用国际词汇可以让老师让外国学生熟悉乌克兰语的语法材料,而不会让新词汇超载。但是,需要注意的是,为了确保UFL的教育目标,国际化需要教师密切关注,避免干扰。关键词:对外乌克兰语,国际主义,潜在词汇,干扰,初始阶段
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL VOCABULARY INSTUDIES OF THE UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE BY FOREIGNERS
The article analyzes the specifics and lingvo-didactic potential of internationalisms in the practice of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language for beginners studying in the English language program. As a result of the research, the author concludes that the use of internationalisms at the beginning of studying UFL is an effective way in the formation of lexical, phonetic, grammatical language skills and, consequently, the communicative competence of foreign communicants in general. First of all, the researcher defines the meaning of the term «international vocabulary», describes the types of international units and notes that only absolute full and partial (with the same key meaning) internationalisms are suitable for the methodology of teaching the Ukrainian language at the initial stage. Other interlexemes that have a relatively identical phonetic-morphological (sound and / or graphic) structure, but different semantics, cannot be effectively used in teaching vocabulary in a foreign audience. In linguistics such words are called «false friends of a translator». A large number of international word sare indispensable in the first year of study of various lexical topics such as “University”, “City”, “Professions”, “Food”, “Sports” and so on. The author recommends to present this layer of vocabulary, organized into certain thematic and lexical-semantic groups with consistency, systematic approach, based on the communicative expediency of its use in a particular context. When teaching the Ukrainian alphabet, acquainting students with the graphic, phonetic and orthographic specifics of the Ukrainian language, developing skills of correct pronunciation and reading, the teacher can use international words as an illustrative material. This allows not only to compare interlexemes in the target (Ukrainian) language and the intermediary language (English), but also to establish associations between familiar and unfamiliar phonetic symbols and their combinations that form the words of the Ukrainian languageand to accelerate the use of these words in the lexicon of foreign students. The use of international vocabulary in the study of first grammatical topics allows the teacher to get foreign students acquainted with the grammatical material of the Ukrainian language without overloading the lesson with new vocabulary. However, it should be noted that in order to ensure the educational goals of UFL, internationalisms require close attention from the teacher to avoid interference. Key words: Ukrainian as a foreign language (UFL), internationalism, potential vocabulary, interference, initial stage.
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