葡萄牙公私伙伴关系的经验

J. Sarmento, L. Renneboog
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引用次数: 20

摘要

摘要:本文记录了葡萄牙在公私伙伴关系(ppp)方面的经验。自1993年以来,葡萄牙一直在大量使用公私合作伙伴关系,主要用于公路建设和卫生部门。这使该国能够缩小基础设施差距,避免投资时的预算限制。对于公私伙伴关系是否代表物有所值的质疑已经出现。PPP失败的原因有以下几点:(i)公私合作伙伴关系项目在有限的时间内高度集中,公共部门既没有准备也没有能力管理和控制合同;(ii)采用公私合作伙伴关系的动机主要是为了避免预算限制,而不是利用私营部门的效率来更好地利用公共资源;私营部门和公共部门之间的风险分配存在缺陷,因为私营部门承担的风险太少,而公共部门向私营部门支付的款项大大高于投资成本。在当前紧缩和预算整顿时期,政府当前和未来每年向私营部门支付的款项是一项沉重负担。由于该国不得不向三驾马车(国际货币基金组织,欧洲央行和欧盟委员会)寻求财政援助,PPP重新谈判正在进行中,以减少公共支出。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Portuguese Experience with Public-Private Partnerships
Abstract: This paper documents the Portuguese experience in Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs). Since 1993, Portugal has been using PPPs intensively, mainly for highway construction and in the health sector. This has enabled the country to close the infrastructure gap and avoid the budget constraints at the moment of the investment. Doubts about whether PPPs represent value-for-money have emerged. There are several reasons why PPP were unsuccessful: (i) the concentration PPP projects was very high over a limited time span and the public sector was not prepared nor had the ability to manage and control the contracts, (ii) the incentive to resort to PPPs was mainly to avoid budget constraints, but not to use of public resources better by taking advantage of private sector efficiency, (iii) the risk allocation between the private and public sector was flawed because the private sector bore too little risk and payments from the public to the private sector were considerably above the investment cost. The current and future annual payments from the state to the private sector are a substantial burden in the current times of austerity and budget consolidation. As the country had to ask the troika (IMF, ECB, and European Commission) for a financial rescue from, PPP renegotiations are ongoing to reduce public payments.
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