Case Study: Removal of Calculi in The Bladder using Cystotomy Method in Female Pomeranian Mix Pekingese Dog at Winadi Vet Animal Clinic Malang

Urolithiasis is a disease caused by calculi, crystals, or excessive sediment in the urinary tract, which is generallycomposed of one or more types of minerals such as struvite, calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, uric acid, andcystine.A10-year-oldfemalePomeranianmixPekingesedogwasreferredtoWinadiVetAnimalClinicMalangwith clinical signs of dysuria, strangury, and hematuria. The physical examination findings were lethargy, caudalabdominal pain, and bladder distension. Radiological examination results indicated distension in the urinarybladder containing two stones occupying withclearmarginsand radiopaque-likeopacity,withlengths of3.44cmand 3.35 cm, respectively. Cystotomy to remove the calculi was performed by incision on the midline.The urinary bladder was closed using a two-layer closure suture type, the first layer used simple interrupted, andthe second layer used simple continuous suture with 3-0 polyglactin (Vicryl®) suture. The animal recovered onthefourteenth day aftersurgery