Functional and morphological cardiac changes in myeloproliferative neoplasms

Background Myeloprolifer ative neoplasms (MPNs) are hematopoietic stem cell neoplasms caused by a clonal expansion in one or more myeloid lineages. The greatest obstacles for these neoplasms are cardiovascular consequences such as vascular thrombosis, myocardial infarction, and pulmonary hypertension (PH), which can lead to mortality. Aim This work aimed to understand the relationship between MPN and cardiovascular complications profoundly by transthoracic echocardiography. Patients and methods A prospective clinical study included 30 MPN patients recruited from the Clinical Haematology Unit in Assiut University Hospital from September 2017 to August 2018 to detect morphological and functional cardiac changes by the use the transthoracic echocardiography and two control groups, one group included 30 patients with other hematological disorders and the other group included 30 healthy persons. Results The left atrial diameter, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, left ventricular end-systolic diameter, posterior-wall diameter, and pulmonary arterial systolic pressure were significantly higher in MPN patients. The frequency of MR (40.7%) and tricuspid-regurgitation (50%) was significantly higher among the study group and 40% had PH. Conclusions Left atrial dilatation, left ventricular hypertrophy, PH, TR, and MR were the most prominent cardiovascular changes in MPN patients.