语言符号:寻找乌克兰和波兰的相似之处

Oksana Simovych
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Two aspects of interpretation of symbols in Polish texts are defined – formulation of symbolic meaning from the position of a representative of another (Ukrainian) culture in view of close cultural contexts, as well as from the position of Polish culture bearer, carriers of culture of another, Polish language space.\nThe ambivalence inherent in symbols unfolding in one context is noted, but it is emphasized that all symbolic meanings can potentially be activated within each context, as their appearance is determined not only by read text, intertextual connections of the symbol, but also many non-textual factors, context culture and awareness of each reader with other contexts of use of this symbol. Dominant symbolic meanings are singled out, as well as those symbolic layers that in the semantic structure of the symbol in the proposed context or contexts are removed from the core, but are constantly preserved in these and other contexts. The symbols woda, richka, ozero / woda, rzeka, jezioro, dynaj, etc. are analyzed, in which the semantics of «border of two worlds» are reconstructed on the basis of the processed texts and it is stated that these words can function as key symbols or as «background» influencing, even directing in the appropriate way the development and interpretation of symbolic meanings of other words (kalyna, werba, bereza, winochok, etc. / rozmaryn, kalina, wianek, warkoch, jablonechka, etc.) in the text. It has been studied how the verbal symbol water can change the interpretation of other symbols and the whole text to the opposite. A wide range of symbolic meanings developed in the semantic structure of the symbol water (and related) within the dominant symbolic meaning as the «boundary between the world of the living and the world of the dead» or as the «boundary between \"own\" and \"foreign\" worlds». The semantics of other water-related symbols, such as winok, fartushok / wianek, fartuhek were also studied. In addition to a wide range of meanings of water element symbols, the article presents the spatial symbols doroha (dorizhenka), shlakh / gosciniec, which symbolize, among other things, the change of social status – the transition of a girl or boy to married, concluded that the semantics of the symbol develops within the dominant boundary – value. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

分析了在乌克兰和波兰语言和民俗空间中起作用的原型语言符号-水元素的符号,空间和“边界”符号。定义了波兰文本中符号解释的两个方面-从另一种文化(乌克兰)的代表的立场出发,考虑到密切的文化背景,以及从波兰文化承载者的立场出发,波兰语言空间的文化载体。注意到符号在一种语境中所固有的矛盾心理,但强调的是,所有的符号意义都可能在每种语境中被激活,因为它们的外观不仅取决于被阅读的文本、符号的互文联系,还取决于许多非文本因素、语境文化和每个读者在使用该符号的其他语境中的意识。主要的符号意义被挑出来,以及那些在被提议的语境或语境中的符号语义结构中的符号层被从核心中移除,但在这些和其他语境中被不断保留。对符号woda、richka、ozero / woda、rzeka、jezioro、dynaj等进行了分析,其中在处理文本的基础上重构了“两个世界边界”的语义,并指出这些词可以作为关键符号或“背景”,以适当的方式影响甚至指导文本中其他词(kalyna、werba、bereza、winochok等/ rozmaryn、kalina、wianek、warkoch、jablonechka等)的符号意义的发展和解释。人们研究了语言符号“水”如何使其他符号和整个文本的解释发生相反的变化。在占主导地位的象征意义中,在符号水(和相关的)的语义结构中发展了广泛的象征意义,作为“生者世界和死者世界之间的边界”或作为“自己的”和“外来的”世界之间的边界”。其他与水有关的符号如winok、fartushok / wianek、fartuhek的语义也进行了研究。除了水元素符号的广泛意义外,文章还提出了象征社会地位变化的空间符号doroha (dorizhenka)、shlakh / gosciiec,这些空间符号象征着从女孩或男孩到已婚的转变,并得出符号的语义在主导边界-价值中发展的结论。在空间语义学中,kalynowyjlis (lisok)、temnyjluh、zelenyjbir、haj、hora / kalinowy lasek、ciemny bor、gaichek zielony、pole、gura等符号的语义学,以及与“他者”世界相关的语义学——kin woronyj、chornyjworon / wrony (siwy) konichek、wrony、srok_等;当属于对立对应一极的符号与主体的社会地位和评价范畴相关联,并可能向相反方向转变时,试图突出“本”与“外”空间的相互渗透问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
VERBAL SYMBOLS: IN SEARCH OF UKRAINIAN-POLISH PARALLELS
The archetypal verbal symbols that function in the Ukrainian and Polish language and folklore spaces are analyzed – the symbols of the water elements, spatial and «boundary» symbols. Two aspects of interpretation of symbols in Polish texts are defined – formulation of symbolic meaning from the position of a representative of another (Ukrainian) culture in view of close cultural contexts, as well as from the position of Polish culture bearer, carriers of culture of another, Polish language space. The ambivalence inherent in symbols unfolding in one context is noted, but it is emphasized that all symbolic meanings can potentially be activated within each context, as their appearance is determined not only by read text, intertextual connections of the symbol, but also many non-textual factors, context culture and awareness of each reader with other contexts of use of this symbol. Dominant symbolic meanings are singled out, as well as those symbolic layers that in the semantic structure of the symbol in the proposed context or contexts are removed from the core, but are constantly preserved in these and other contexts. The symbols woda, richka, ozero / woda, rzeka, jezioro, dynaj, etc. are analyzed, in which the semantics of «border of two worlds» are reconstructed on the basis of the processed texts and it is stated that these words can function as key symbols or as «background» influencing, even directing in the appropriate way the development and interpretation of symbolic meanings of other words (kalyna, werba, bereza, winochok, etc. / rozmaryn, kalina, wianek, warkoch, jablonechka, etc.) in the text. It has been studied how the verbal symbol water can change the interpretation of other symbols and the whole text to the opposite. A wide range of symbolic meanings developed in the semantic structure of the symbol water (and related) within the dominant symbolic meaning as the «boundary between the world of the living and the world of the dead» or as the «boundary between "own" and "foreign" worlds». The semantics of other water-related symbols, such as winok, fartushok / wianek, fartuhek were also studied. In addition to a wide range of meanings of water element symbols, the article presents the spatial symbols doroha (dorizhenka), shlakh / gosciniec, which symbolize, among other things, the change of social status – the transition of a girl or boy to married, concluded that the semantics of the symbol develops within the dominant boundary – value. Among the spatial ones, the semantics of the symbols kalynowyj lis (lisok), temnyj luh, zelenyj bir, haj, hora / kalinowy lasek, ciemny bor, gaichek zielony, pole, gura, etc., as well as those related to the «other» world – the kin woronyj, chornyj woron / wrony (siwy) konichek, wrony, srokа, etc.; an attempt is made to highlight the problem of interpenetration of «own» and «foreign» spaces, when the symbol belonging to the corresponding pole of the opposition is associated with the social status of the subject and the category of evaluation, which may change to the opposite.
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