东欧国家无担保消费贷款发展的比较分析

A. Kravchenko
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引用次数: 1

摘要

如今,无担保消费贷款是发达国家信贷市场的主要组成部分之一。它在发达国家越来越受欢迎,一方面是由于银行机构这种贷款的数量增加,另一方面是由于人口对无抵押消费贷款的需求同时增加。本文分析比较了乌克兰与保加利亚、匈牙利、摩尔多瓦、匈牙利、波兰、罗马尼亚、斯洛伐克、捷克等东欧国家无担保消费贷款量指标。这一分析是相关的,因为东欧大多数国家都是欧洲联盟的正式成员,经济和银行体系都很发达。其他发达国家(美国和德国)的无担保贷款指标也供比较。选择银行系统中无担保消费者的总金额和人均无担保消费贷款金额作为比较各国的指标。此外,本文还提供了无担保消费贷款的定义。发展无担保消费贷款对国家国民经济增长的主要优势被强调和描述。对发达国家无担保消费贷款日益普及的原因进行了调查和分析。所进行的分析可以得出结论,就无担保消费贷款而言,乌克兰在其区域内排名最后,不仅远远落后于最发达的国家,而且还落后于除摩尔多瓦以外的所有东欧国家。这种情况既与扩大无担保消费贷款所需的银行总资产不足有关,也与任何贷款仍然是一项相当危险的活动,银行被迫对潜在借款人设定严格的要求有关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF UNSECURED CONSUMER LENDING IN THE COUNTRIES OF EASTERN EUROPE
Today, unsecured consumer lending is one of the main elements of the credit market in devel-oped countries. The growth of its popularity in developed countries is due to both the increase in the volume of such loans by banking institutions and the simultaneous growth of the population's demand for unsecured consumer loans.The article analyzes and compares the indicators of the volume of unsecured consumer lending in Ukraine and Eastern European countries such as Bulgaria, Hungary, Moldova, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and the Czech Republic. This analysis is relevant because most of the countries of Eastern Europe are fullmembers of the European Union with a developed economy and banking sys-tem. The indicators of unsecured lending of other developed countries -the USA and Germany -were also given for comparison. The total amount of unsecured consumers in the banking system and the amount of unsecured consumer loans per person were chosen as indicators for comparing countries.In addition, the article provides a definition of unsecured consumer lending. The main ad-vantages of the development of unsecured consumer lending for the growth of the country's national economy are highlighted and described. The reasons for the growing popularity of unsecured consum-er lending in developed countries were investigated and characterized.The conducted analysis made it possible to conclude that Ukraine is in the last place in terms of unsecured consumer lending in its region and significantly lags behind not only the most developed countries, but also all the countries of Eastern Europe, except for Moldova. This situation is connected both with the insufficiency of total bank assets for the expansion of unsecured consumer lending, and with the fact that any lending still remains a rather risky activity and banks are forced to set strict re-quirements for potential borrowers.
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